实时人际交互的社会认知脑功能机制及其对精神病发病的影响

前驱期是精神病发病过程中早期防治的最佳时期，国际上将此阶段的临床特征概括为临床高危综合征（CHR）。从CHR到精神分裂症（SZ）这一关键过程中个体的人际交互功能起着决定性作用。但受限于“多人实时互动”过程的检测技术，以往研究结果仅能反映受试者在密闭、孤立、虚拟的实验室情境下的反应，与真实人际互动中的脑功能状态大相径庭。因此，SZ发病过程中人际交互缺陷的真实脑功能机制不清。鉴于此，本项目在CHR识别、干预和脑功能检测的大量经验积累基础上，尝试突破该领域的研究瓶颈，利用功能性近红外光谱技术在脑功能成像中的特性，攻坚前期实验中遇到的问题，记录CHR（病前）和SZ（病后）在实时人际互动过程中真实的脑功能变化，将脑功能成像技术从实验室移入现实环境，并首次将多人脑功能同步性特征作为心理/认知干预的疗效标记，为此类干预对精神病发病的临床防治价值寻找客观科学依据。

Prodrome is identified as critical period for early prevention and intervention in the development of psychosis. The clinical features in prodromal phase are summarized as CHR (clinical high risk). Interpersonal interaction is playing a key role in the conversion from prodromal phase to schizophrenia (SZ), which is a function of social cognition. Unfortunately, the traditional method in magnetic resonance imaging detection method does not reflect the reality social interaction context, this limitation reveals the current research on social cognition related brain function only based on "closed, isolated, virtual situations" of cognitive response, which obviously, far away from the real-time interpersonal interaction in social cognition function. As a result, it is not clear that the brain functional mechanism of interpersonal interaction deficits in the early stage of SZ. In view of this, based on previous research on the CHR clinical recognition, intervention and magnetic resonance detection, try to break through the bottleneck of research in this field. This project further using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technology, tackling the problems encountered in previous experiments, to explore the interpersonal interaction related brain function in a cohort from CHR (pre-morbid) to SZ. We try to translate the brain functional imaging technology from the laboratory to the real environment, and for the first time, the multiple persons' synchronization features were used as a marker of psychological and cognitive intervention. Our results might be valuable to provide the objective scientific basis for the clinical prevention and treatment of psychosis.