"三氮"污染已成为赣南稀土矿区浅层地下水中最严重的问题之一。本研究以赣州龙南县典型稀土钇矿区地下水为研究对象，运用野外采样、调查与室内模拟试验相结合的方法，对"三氮"污染地下水中微生物的分子生态学机制进行深入的研究，分析污染地下水中微生物种群的丰度及分布特征，并探讨微生物群落适应氮污染的分子机制；同时利用生物激活剂并结合同位素示踪法开展地下水中"三氮"的自然衰减动力学过程研究，揭示地下水中土著微生物与"三氮"自然衰减的关系；最后通过研究微生物强化解氮的动力学过程，探讨原位生物修复过程中室内驯化菌和土著菌之间的竞争关系。通过以上研究，可望阐明"三氮"地下水中微生物的分子生物学特征以及污染地下水原位生物修复的过程与机理。研究成果不仅能为有效运用微生物修复原理提高稀土矿区地下水修复效果提供重要的理论和实践价值，还能为赣南稀土产业的可持续性发展作出有力贡献。

The ammonia, nitrite and nitrate pollution has become one of the most serious problems in the shallow groundwater of rare earth mining area in Gannan. This project intends to research the mechanisms of microbial molecular ecology under the ammonia, nitrite and nitrate pollution groundwater in Longnan typical Yttrium-rich mine by using the combined method which include field sampling, investigation and laboratory simulation test, and to analysis the microbial biodiversity and community structure, aiming to investigate the molecular mechanisms of microbial population responses to nitrogen pollution stress. Then, to study the kinetic process of the nitrogen natural attenuation using biostimulants and isotopic trace, aiming to reveal the relationship between indigenous bacteria and the processes of the nitrogen natural attenuation. Finally, to study the kinetic process of nitrogen degradation by bioaugmentation, aiming to explore the competitive relationship between indoor acclimated bacteria and indigenous bacteria in the in-situ bioremediation. Based on the above studies, this project is expected to clarify the mechanism of microbial molecular ecology and the in-situ bioremediation in the ammonia, nitrite and nitrate pollution groundwater of typical mining area of rare earth in Gannan. The results of this project can not only provide an important theoretical and practical value to improve the remediation effect by using the principle of microbial remediation in the shallow groundwater of rare earth mining area, but also made a powerful contribution to sustain rare-earth development in Gannan.