纳米材料在生物医学研究中面临着巨大的机遇，研究纳米粒子在体内的分布、清除、退化及长期的命运是必要的。本项目设计、合成及表征不同性能的氧化铁纳米粒子，采取不同位置大脑皮层、脑室及黑质灌注工艺，将不同粒度、表面电性和功能分子修饰的氧化铁纳米粒子注入SD大鼠脑内，以透射电镜观察及ICP-OES进行体外组织分析结合磁共振成像技术，研究不同时间阶段氧化铁纳米粒子在大脑皮层、海马、纹状体、杏仁核、小脑等区域的宏观上的扩散分布，在细胞外组织液、脑脊液、胶质细胞、神经元胞体，神经纤维上及突触连接处微观上的分布。揭示不同粒度、表面电性和功能分子修饰的氧化铁纳米粒子在大鼠脑中分布规律。通过控制氧化铁纳米粒子的性能，调控氧化铁纳米粒子在脑内的分布。在此基础上，探索利用射频磁场作用于磁性纳米粒子对大鼠运动行为进行控制的方法。本项目将为纳米材料应用于脑结构与功能研究及脑疾病治疗建立基础。

Nanomaterials offer tremendous opportunities for biomedical research, the investigation on the distribution, clearance, degradation and long-term fate of nanomaterials in vivo is indispensible. The design, preparation and characterization of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) with different properties will be implemented in this project. SPIONs with different sizes, surface charge and functional modifications will be perfused in different locations in the cerebral cortex, substantia nigra and ventricles of SD-rats. By TEM morphologies, EDX and ICP-OES analyses of the ex vivo tissue samples combining with the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analyses in vivo, the macroscale diffusion and distribution of the SPIONs in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, striatum, amygdala, cerebellum, etc. and the microscale distribution of the SPIONs in extracellular interstitial fluid, cerebrospinal liquid, glia, soma and fibers of neurons and synapses at different time will be investigated. The regulation on the distribution of the SPIONs in rat brains will be fulfilled by the control of the properties of the SPIONs. On this basis, we will explore SPIONs modified with phospholipid or RGD targeted to the plasma membrane of cells expressing TRPV1, and heated by a radiofrequency magnetic field on the movement control of SD-rats. This project will lay the foundation for the application of nanomaterials in the investigation of brain structures and functions and in the treatment of brain diseases.