我国是世界最大的小麦生产国和消费国，其生产对保障粮食安全具有重大战略意义。条锈病严重危害小麦安全生产。本项目将针对小麦抗条锈病基因Yr61克隆和功能验证的关键问题，在前期精细定位基础上，充分利用遗传学、多种组学、生物信息学、植物病理学和分子生物学等研究手段，重点开展分子标记开发、单染色体分离测序、突变体测序、候选基因筛选及功能验证等研究；鉴定单倍型，通过抗病性关联分析，探索抗病基因变异与抗病性丧失的关系，利用Dual RNA-seq技术进行双物种转录组分析，解析Yr61基因的抗病机制。为抗病基因持久利用新策略的制定，实现抗病性持久利用提供依据。

China is the largest wheat producer and consumer in the world. Wheat production is of great importance for national food security and is greatly influenced by Stripe rust disease. Deployment of cultivars with inbuilt diverse types of resistance is the optimal strategy to control rusts. Yr61 was characterized in wheat cultivar Pindong 34 developed by CAAS and displayed high resistance to all known Pst races. The objectives of this project are to fine-map and eventually clone Yr61 and analyze its function. The research will include development of molecular markers, targeted chromosome-based cloning via long-range assembly (TACCA), mutation sequencing, identification of candidate genes and experimental verification of its function, identification the haplotypes of Yr61. In addition, dual RNA-seq will be used to explore the molecular mechanisms of wheat-Pst interation. Enriching the whole genome information and high-resolution omics data available for wheat should simplify the process of identifying genes from these genetic resources. Cloning Yr61 will contribute to an understanding of the molecular mechanisms of stripe rust resistance and provide basis for wisely using this gene and other genes to achieve long-lasting and high level durable resistances to stripe rust.