在人工合成多倍体中基因组或表型不稳定是多倍体高效育种的一个重要限制因素。多倍体化过程中经常会出现序列消除或新序列的产生。而以往检测到的变异序列多为重复序列或随机序列，并未涉及到完整的基因序列。我们前期研究发现，在二倍体甘蓝和白菜种间杂交及染色体加倍而形成的人工合成甘蓝型油菜中，有四个DNA片段发生了变异，并且分别与四个开花基因（LHP1，CRY1，TOE2和GAI）高度同源。本研究以人工合成异源四倍体甘蓝型油菜不同世代(F1-F4)材料为研究对象，测序和克隆发生变异的四个开花基因全长基因序列和cDNA序列，分析异源多倍体化诱导的基因变异特征和不同世代中基因的时空表达规律。通过遗传转化验证其功能，并研究它们在纯合和杂合状态下的基因表达规律及对表型的影响。本研究有利于阐明多倍体化诱导的基因变异对多倍体产生的作用，揭示多倍体优势产生的原因，同时为多倍体育种提供理论指导。

The instability of genome or phenotype in resynthesized polyploidy species is an important factor to restrict high-efficient polyploidy breeding. Sequence elimination and novel sequence generation often occurs in polyploidization. The sequence variations induced by polyploidization in previous reports were mainly involved with repetitive sequences or random sequences but not with genes. Our previous research found that the four varied DNA fragments had higher homologies with the flowering genes (LHP1，CRY1，TOE2，GAI) containing simple repeat sequence in the resynthesized alloployploid Brassica napus derived from the cross between diploid Brassica oleracea and Brassica rapa, and subsequent chromosome doubling. We will use the different plants of F1 to F4 generations of the resynthesized Brassica napus as experimental materials, to clone the full-length genes and cDNAs to explore their rules of variation characteristics and spatiotemporal expression. The genetic transformation will be assayed to identify their function. In addition, we will explore the rules of gene expression under the homozygous or heterozygous phases and its impact on phenotype. This study plays a great role in clarifying the effect of varied genes induced by polyploidization on polyploidy generation and revealing the reasons about generation of polyploid heterosis. It also is beneficial to provide the theory to guide polyploid breeding.