新型仿生牙釉质复合陶瓷材料的设计与优化

牙体缺损是口腔常见病与多发病，全瓷牙冠是主要修复方式之一。目前临床应用的陶瓷材料与天然牙釉质在弹性模量、硬度及断裂韧性等力学性能存在差异，影响临床应用。本项目基于牙釉质特殊微纳结构力学模型的研究作为仿生创新原点，设计制备新型仿生牙釉质复合陶瓷材料，并进行高熔点有机基质填充与纤维增韧性能优化，以期达到天然牙釉质力学性能。通过选择具有合适取向的增韧纤维微晶作为模晶，利用流延等成型技术与叠层工艺使模晶能择优取向分布于不同陶瓷基体粉末中，制备织构化陶瓷材料，模拟牙釉柱晶体的排列结构；采用冷烧结工艺使高分子聚合物填充于陶瓷基质中并层压在陶瓷层之间模拟釉间质有机组分，设计符合生理应力分布特征的多级复合结构陶瓷修复体；系统开展材料弹性模量、硬度、强度及断裂韧性等性能验证与生物相容性等生物性能检测。本研究将为仿生设计与构建功能化陶瓷修复材料建立新的结构优化理论与模型，为其临床应用奠定坚实的理论和技术基础。

Tooth decay is a common oral disease. A large-area defect on teeth is often fixed by using biocompatible restorative materials, such as artificial porcelain. Compared to the natural enamel materials on tooth crowns, the actively used porcelain materials possess unsatisfactory mechanical properties, which limited their clinical applications. Our project aims to develop new ceramic-composite substitution, based on a deep understanding of the micromechanics of the natural enamel structure. In pursuit of the equivalent mechanical properties to that of the natural enamel, the new composite, as a biomimetic material, will be composed of strong ceramic fibers and a polymer material with a high melting point. By using tape casting and lamination techniques, we can fabricate a textured ceramic material that mimics the distinct columnar structure of the enamel prism. Meanwhile, utilization of cold sintering technique allows us to fill the polymer materials onto the ceramic for mimicking the interprismatic substance within the enamel. Finally, to have a comprehensive understanding of the biocompatibility of the material, we will systematically investigate the elastic modulus, hardness, fracture toughness, and other related mechanical properties of the composite material. Favorable stress distribution on the artificial ceramic-composite material is highly expected. This project will serve as a reference for the future development of the abiotic enamel designs, the construction of functional materials, and the foundation of practical applications.