锈革孔菌目隶属于担子菌门、蘑菇纲，包括5个科，另有十余个科级分类位置不确定的属。锈革孔菌目是大型木生真菌的主要类群之一，在森林生态系统的物质循环和能量流动中发挥不可替代的生态功能，还包括具有重要经济价值的药用菌和森林病原菌。以往对该目的锈革孔菌科和裂孔菌科有过相对系统的分类学研究，但对这两个科的多样性认识仍不全面，表现为大量新分类单元不断被发表；对该目其他科属的分类学研究极为薄弱，资源多样性认知亟待提高，这更导致对整个目各科属之间的系统发育关系认识不清。因此，本项目拟在收集国内外馆藏锈革孔菌目标本基础上，在我国全境主要森林生态系统中进行野外考察、采集锈革孔菌目标本并分离菌株，同时采集南半球的锈革孔菌目标本作为补充。对收集到的标本和菌株开展细致的形态学和多基因分子系统学研究，结合文献资料，阐明我国锈革孔菌目真菌资源多样性及其分布，构建该目分类系统，探讨该目种类不同子实层形态间的起源演化关系。

Hymenochaetales belongs to Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota, and includes 5 families as well as ten or more additional genera incertae sedis at the family level. Hymenochaetales is one of the main groups of wood-inhabiting macrofungi, and plays irreplaceable ecological functions in the process of matter circulation and energy flow in forest ecological system. Moreover, some species in Hymenochaetales are medicinal fungi and forest pathogens with highly economic values. Previously, the taxonomy of Hymenochaetaceae and Schizoporaceae in Hymenochaetales has been relatively systematically studied; however, the diversity of these two families is still not comprehensively known in the case that lots of new taxonomic units are continuously described. Meanwhile, the taxonomy of other three families and genera incertae sedis at the family level is extremely poorly studied, and the knowledge about their diversity urgently needs to be improved. This knowledge gap even leads to an unclear recognization of phylogenetic relationships among families and genera incertae sedis at the family level in the whole Hymenochaetales order. Given above, this project plans to firstly gather specimens of Hymenochaetales deposited at domestic and international herbaria, and then have a systematic field trip for collecting specimens and isolating strains of Hymenochaetales in main kinds of forest ecological systems all over China. In addition, as supplements specimens of Hymenochaetales will be also collected from countries in the Southern Hemisphere. All specimens and strains gathered above will be involved in carefully morphological examinations and multi-locus molecular phylogenetic analyses. These results together with information of references will clarify the resource diversity and its distribution of Hymenochaetales in China, construct a taxonomic system of Hymenochaetales, and provide insights into the origin and evolution of various hymenial characters of species in Hymenochaetales.