人类高强度、定向的人工选择，在物种基因组中会留下驯化的痕迹。中国对虾“黄海2号”新品种已历经16代高强度人工选育，其生长和抗病等性能比野生群体表现出显著优势。为了探究人工选育条件下中国对虾的分子变异特点，拟以连续选育的“黄海2号”新品种和未经过选育、无人工放流的朝鲜半岛南海野生中国对虾群体为研究对象，在比较群体的表型性状及遗传进展的基础上，以简化基因组测序和转录组测序为手段，通过比较基因组学、比较转录组学、高密度遗传连锁图谱构建（<0.5 cM）及QTL定位等分析，在基因序列水平和基因表达水平探究中国对虾在人工选择和自然选择条件下的分子变异特征，进一步寻找受到强烈人工或自然选择的区域、标记及趋势，并深入挖掘受到强烈人工选择区域在遗传连锁图谱上的分布趋势，以及这些位点是否与QTL相关联等，以期为中国对虾的人工选育策略提供理论支撑，并为进一步加速中国对虾人工选育进程提供精确导向。

The directional selective breeding will have some clues on the species genome. "Huanghai No. 2" (registration no. GS01-002-2008) is a new variety of Fenneropenaeus chinensis ratified by the National Certification Committee for Aquatic Varieties of China in 2008. It has a prominent advantage in growth and resistance to WSSV. In 2015, the pedigree of "Huanghai No. 2" F. chinensis was extended up to sixteen generations. To explore the molecular variation mechanism of "Huanghai No. 2" F. chinensis under selective breeding, "Huanghai No. 2" F. chinensis and wild shrimp will be used in this study. The phenotypic character and genetic improvement will be analyzed to compare the difference in the two types of shrimp. Reduced-representation sequencing and transcriptome resequencing will be used to compare the difference at the genome and transcriptome level respectively. After comparation, we will explore the characterization of the shrimp in the selective breeding and obtain the information of the region or loci selected in the breeding, even the trend. Meanwhile, a high-density SNP based genetic linkage map will be constructed. This high-density genetic linkage map（<0.5 cM） will not only be useful for QTL detection but also the linkage group related to selective breeding. After combining the transcriptome data obtained previously and the data in this study, we will build a comprehensive knowledge on the molecular variation mechanism of "Huanghai No. 2" F. chinensis under selective breeding and further provide more useful information on the selective breeding of shrimp.