磨合是机械零件运行时初期经历的摩擦磨损阶段，接触状态、表面形貌以及界面结构会发生复杂的演化，对其后续工作阶段的摩擦、磨损、润滑和界面失效行为有决定性影响。人们对磨合前后接触表面的形貌变化、边界膜的生成以及亚表面材料组织结构的改变已进行了大量实验研究，並利用磨合工艺优化改善零件的摩擦学性能。但以往的研究对磨合过程中界面结构动态演化规律缺乏深入了解，主动调控磨合过程技术手段不足，定量分析模型水平和数值模拟能力有限。本项目将对磨合过程中表面和界面结构演化开展动态原位检测与分析；对磨合过程中生成的边界膜及亚表面变质层开展纳米摩擦学特性的测量与表征；发展混合润滑和边界润滑的计算分析模型，开发磨合过程数值模拟的计算程序；探索利用表面织构、外加电磁场和纳米颗粒添加剂调控磨合过程的新技术；将磨合的研究成果应用于改善国产航空发动机轴承性能。旨在充分揭示磨合过程中界面结构的演化规律、拓展其工程应用范围。

Running-in is the initial friction and wear stage that tribo-elements experienced during operation. During the running-in process, contacting interfaces of machine elements evolute gradually in a complicated way in the aspects of the contacting geometry, topography and interface microstructure, which affects the friction, wear, lubrication and interface damage behavior of the machine element in the following operation stage enormously. A lot of experimental work has been done on the changes in surface topography, boundary film generation and subsurface microstructures after running-in, and by optimizing the running-in conditions it has been utilized to improve the tribological performance of machine elements. However, the previous researches are lack of investigation on the evolution process of interface microstructures, insufficient in effective techniques to control the running-in process, and of limited capability of modeling and numerical simulation of the running-in processes. In this project, the evolutions of surface topography and microstructure will be investigated with in situ measurement techniques, the microtribological properties of tribofilms and subsurface layers will be characterized with the aid of advanced instruments, models of mixed lubrication and boundary lubrication will be improved and computation programs for numerical simulation of the running-in process will be developed. In addition, new techniques for controlling the running-in process will be proposed, including the surface texturing, application of external electric and/or magnetic fields and nanoparticles as lubricant additives. The research results to be obtained will be applied to improve the performance of the main shaft bearings of jet engines made in china. The aim of the project is at exploring the evolution model of interface structure during running-in processes and at extending its application in industry.