食品安全威胁下的一家两制与社会自我保护研究

本课题基于"一家两制"调查，进行食品安全威胁下的社会自我保护，以及社会农业、食物主权、替代市场这三个关键解决方案的应用基础研究。 课题认为，在市场经济扩展中，食物市场"脱嵌"并凌驾于社会之上，引发了严重的食品安全问题，破坏了家计经济条件下食品安全的"社会共保"体系，农户和消费者纷纷转向"个体自保"，农户逐渐采用"一家两制"的食物生产模式，进行食物的差别化生产；消费者则在食品消费时也逐渐采用"一家两制"，进行食物的差别化消费。 课题利用波兰尼"社会自我保护"、斯科特"弱者的武器"、科尔曼"理性选择理论"、奥尔森"集体行动逻辑"等理论和概念，提出食品体系中的"一家两制"现象，并做四个地区1200份入户调查，据此对食品生产和消费领域中"一家两制"行为进行实证研究。提出食品安全领域由"一家两制"的"个体自保"，再次转向新型的"社会共保"的相关建议。

Based on the survey to "one family, two systems", this project will study the social self-provision under food safety threats, and will propose 3 level solutions on social farming,food sovereignty and alternative market. This is an applied basic research study Traditionally speaking, agriculture is a kind of householding economy. However, the development of market economy has initiated a revolution in agricultural production and the food system. Model A in the food system, under which production is intended for profits, has led to a disembedded food market which overtops our society. In this case, severe problems in the field of food safety broke out and the former model of "social co-provision" in the condition of householding economy was ruined. Peasants and consumers both turn to "self-provision". Peasants imply the model of "one family, two systems" and conduct differential food production; while consumers also imply such a model and conduct differential food consumption. Based on relevant theories and concepts, namely "social self-provision" of Karl Polanyi, "weapons of the weak" of James C. Scott, "rational choice theory" of James S. Coleman and "the logic of collective action" of Mancur Olson, the paper focuses on the phenomenon of "one family, two systems" in the food system and displays empirical description and analysis, under the support of data from questionnaires and interviews in four different places. On such a basis, this project suggests transforming peasants' and consumers' model of "individual self-provision" into a brand new model of "social co-provision" in the field of food safety.