离子通道-纳米通道复合结构因在几何构型和电荷上的显著不对称性，而具有极高的离子整流（ICR）效应。本项目将在制备不同尺寸离子通道-纳米通道复合结构的基础上，将探针分子修饰在离子通道端面，构建具有分子识别功能的复合通道结构，研究生物分子识别过程中复合结构的ICR性质变化，实现生物分子特异性无标记识别检测。项目将系统探讨探针电荷、组装方式、通道尺寸、溶液pH值、离子强度等因素对复合结构物质传输行为的影响，揭示复合结构ICR性质与生物分子识别之间的关联。在此基础上，用所建立的分子识别技术，进行Morpholino-DNA、DNA-DNA、抗原-抗体、蛋白质-适配体等一系列生物分子识别研究，并最终将其用于血液中疾病相关蛋白质或DNA的高灵敏和特异性分析检测。研究成果将为发展高稳定性、高选择性、高灵敏生物分子识别器件提供理论基础和研究范例，同时为纳流控技术在生物分析中的应用起到重要的推动作用。

An obvious ionic rectification (ICR) phenomenon appears in ion channel-nanochannel hybrid structure due to the asymmetrical potential distribution caused by the abrupt change of geometry and charges at the nanochannels-ionchannel interface. In this project, ion channel-nanochannel hybrid structures with different sizes will be fabricated. Then the hybrid structures will be further modified with functional bioprobes, forming nanofluidic devices with biomolecular recognition function. Based on the changes in ICR of the hybrid structure before and after molecular recognition, the biomolecular recognition events can be studied. The influence of probes charges, immobilization methods, channels size, pH, and electrolyte concentration on the performance of the hybrid device will be investigated systematically. After studying the relationship between biomolecular recognition and ICR characteristics of the hybrid structure, a series of biomolecular recognition reactions including Morpholino-DNA, DNA-DNA, protein-aptamer, antigen-antibody will be investigated to realize sensitive and selective detection of targets. Using the constructed device, disease-related proteins or DNA in patient’s blood can also be quantitatively analyzed. Realization of the project promises the construction of a practical platform for bioanalysis of biomolecular recognition events with high sensitivity and promotes the development of nanofluidics.