本研究基于对高等植物油脂合成途径的分析，选择在脂肪酸合成起关键作用的编码基因GhACCase，参与调控油份合成的转录因GhDof1、GhWRI1，以及影响油酸含量的基因GhFAD2-1，研究其在棉花幼胚发育不同时期的油脂积累过程中的变化。基于分子克隆，构建GhACCase、GhDof1与GhWRI1过量表达载体、GhFAD2-1干涉载体，转基因获得了转基因棉花、拟南芥与烟草材料，分析转基因植物的遗传方式；鉴定出单拷贝的转基因棉花阳性植株，自交筛选获得纯合材料，杂交聚合多个基因；结合各载体转化分析结果和转录组测序结果，分析目的基因表达情况，研究油脂合成的分子调控机理，探明提高棉花油份含量、改善品质的机制；同时，分析转录因子GhDof1、GhWRI1的非生物胁迫表达模式，为棉花油份改良与抗逆育种奠定理论与技术基础。

This research based on the pathway analysis of lipid synthesis of higher plants，several key genes involved in lipid synthesis and metabolism regulation were selected to identify the molecular regulation mechanism of lipid synthesis and metabolism in upland cotton. The genes included 1)encoding genes GhACCase, which determined carbon flux flowing into different metabolism pathways of either the lipid synthesis and protein synthesis; 2)encoding gene GhFAD2-1,which influenced the content of oleic acid, and 3)transcription factors GhDof1 and GhWRI which regulated lipid synthesis and responded to abiotic stress. Expression characterization of the target genes were checked in upland cotton during the process of fatty acid accumulation and lipid synthesis in different developmental stage of immature embryos. Over-expression vectors were constructed for GhAccase, GhDof1 and GhWRI1, and RNAi vectors were constructed for GhFAD2-1. Transgenic plants of upland cotton, Arabidopsis and tobacco were obtained, and the genetic model was analyzed using the transgenic plants of both Arabidopsis and tobacco. Furthermore, the transgenic plants of upland cotton with target genes of single copy should be identified, and self-pollinated to obtain the homozygotes, while intercrossed to obtain the materials to pyramided the genes. The expression profiles of target genes were identified in the individuals of transgenic plants and control to elucidate the function of genes combining the results of transformation of the all vectors. The mechanism to improve the quantity and the quality of lipid in upland cotton will be deduced. And the genetic modified stocks of upland cotton with the lipid altered in cottonseed will be obtained for further research.