广州管圆线虫病是一种新发传染病，主要引起嗜酸性粒细胞（EOS）增多性脑炎和脑膜脑炎，尚无特效治疗方法。EOS的活化是造成脑组织炎症反应的主要病理学基础。我们发现，感染小鼠的小胶质细胞活化与其炎症反应趋势一致；而小胶质细胞被抑制后，小鼠脑组织中EOS数量变化不明显，但炎症反应明显减轻、神经系统症状明显改善，提示小胶质细胞在调控或维持EOS的活化状态和功能中具有关键的作用。为此，本研究以Balb/c小鼠为模型，采用免疫组化、流式细胞检测、real-time PCR和DNA芯片等技术，开展小鼠感染后小胶质细胞和EOS活化状态、表型的动态观察，探讨小胶质细胞被抑制后EOS活化状态及表型变化规律；采用体外实验，进一步验证在虫体抗原刺激下，小胶质细胞活化与EOS活化之间的关联及其信号途径，揭示小胶质细胞对EOS功能的调控作用及其机制，为进一步阐明该病的致病机理和优化现有治疗方案提供实验依据。

Meningitis and meningoencephalitis associated with Angiostrongylus cantonensis(A. cantonensis) infection are characterized by an increase of eosnophils, and eosnophilic activation is the most important pathological basis of brain inflammatory response. In the present study, we find the activation of microglia from mice with infection is consistent with brain inflammatory process. However, no significantly change in brain eosinophil numbers in mice was found after microglial inhibition whereas inflammatory reaction and Neurological Symptoms alleviated obviously. This finding suggests microglia plays an critical role in regulation and maintainance of eosnophilic activation state and function. This study aims to explore the relationship between cerebral eosnophils and microglial activation during A. cantonensis infection in mice, especially the eosnophilic activation state and transformation process when microglia are inhibited, with immunohistochemical staining, flow cytometry, real-time PCR and DNA chip; to confirmed the potential pathway and interaction between activated microglia and eosnophil after the stimulation with worm antigen by cells in vitro, and to demonstrate the modulation of eosnophilic function by microglia and mechanism. Supported by the foundation, this study will reveal the pathogenesis of A. cantonensis, and thus provide the evidence for optimizing present therapy.