基于智能化能量获取的自供能自主报警无线传感节点技术

项目研究一种具有自主识别环境事件能力的智能能量采集器原理，可在环境变量满足预设阈值或模式时，使能量采集器从休眠状态自主唤醒发电，同时获得监测对象识别信息。通过能量/信息协同管理的方法，在事件发生后，传感节点快速充电，并自主报警，不再依赖传统耗能而冗长的传感信号链路，实现高效的外部零供电无线传感网节点。以环境振动事件监控无线传感节点为典型应用目标，基于二级振动结构和上变频耦合机制，研究阈值驱动MEMS能量采集器的设计和集成技术，建立基于能量直接对应信息（E-to-I）概念的超低能耗的能量和信息协同处理功能构架。在构架内定制化研发电能管理电路、超低功耗射频和芯片集成技术，研制出现场零供电无线传感节点样机，实现对振动事件强度以及模式的事件判断和自主无线报警。并且把该创新原理推广到多种物理场的监控应用场景，证明该原理普适性。为发展环境条件受限下的自供电无线传感节点技术和产品奠定坚实的科技基础。

The study aims at a kind of smart energy harvesting principle that can autonomously identify environmental event. When the strength of the concerned environmental physical field reaches preset threshold or the pattern properties correspond to preset pattern, the smart device can be immediately awakened from idle state into electricity generating state. In this case, information can be autonomously obtained at the same time. Based on collaborative management of energy and information, the event-driven generated energy can be quickly charged to autonomously transmit wireless alarming signal, thereby realizing high-performance zero-power WSN (wireless sensor network) node without conventional energy-consuming sensors. As a typical application, wireless alarming for ambient vibration monitoring is mainly studied here. We will study on design and chip integration techniques for the smart MEMS energy-harvesters where dual-stage vibration structure and frequency-up-conversion technique are involved. Moreover, based on E-to-I (energy to information) concept, we will establish a low-power energy-information collaborative management system frame. In this frame, the electricity-energy management circuit, low-power radio-frequency circuit and chip integration are designed for the event driven zero-power sensor nodes. The prototype of the smart self-powered device will be developed and its novelty in working mechanism will be verified by experiment. Vibration strength and vibration pattern will be autonomously identified and induce wireless alarming. To furtherly verified the universality of the principle, the smart energy harvesting function will be involved to different events of various physical fields, thereby broadening the novel effect to many applications.