寄生蜂与寄主免疫互作研究一直是害虫生物防治领域研究热点之一。围绕寄生蜂寄生早期之后幼虫唾液蛋白是否像毒液一样有抑制或调控寄主天然免疫以确保自身存活与发育之科学问题，选择具有不同寄生特性的代表性金小蜂为研究对象，采用基因组学、转录组学、蛋白组学、基因克隆与表达、RNA干扰、蛋白互作，及系统发育与进化分析等方法，重点开展下列比较研究：1）幼虫唾液蛋白组分的分析与鉴定；2）幼虫关键唾液蛋白编码基因克隆、表达及生物学功能；3）幼虫关键唾液蛋白与寄主天然免疫系统靶标互作机理；4）幼虫唾液蛋白的起源与进化，及与毒液蛋白的异同。最终，明确金小蜂幼虫唾液蛋白组分、关键蛋白的生物学功能及其与寄生特性的关系，揭示关键蛋白抑制或调控寄主天然免疫的机理，探明幼虫唾液蛋白的进化及与毒液蛋白进化的异同，为深入揭示寄生蜂与寄主免疫互作及其协同进化，开辟害虫生防新思路与新方法提供理论基础与技术保障。

The immune interaction between parasitic wasps and their hosts has always been one of hot spots in the research area of insect pest biological control. In this proposal, we will focus on the scientific hypothesis whether larval salivary proteins of parasitoids can inhibit or regulate their host innate immunity as their venom in order to ensure their survival and development after the early stage of parasitism. Several representative species of pteromalids with various parasitic life history traits and their important pest hosts will be used as research models. Using methods and technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, gene cloning and recombinant expression, RNA interference, protein-protein interaction, as well as phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses, the major studies will be conducted as follows: 1) analysis and identification of larval salivary protein components; 2) gene cloning, expression and biological functions of key larval salivary proteins; 3) the interaction mechanism between larval key salivary proteins and host innate immune system, discovering the targets of key proteins in host immune system and their action modes; 4) analyses of the origin and evolution of larval salivary proteins, in comparison with the origin and evolution of venom proteins from female adult wasps. Finally, we will resolve the composition of larval salivary proteins, and the biological functions of key larval salivary proteins as well as their relationship to parasitic life history traits. Meanwhile, we will reveal the mechanism of key larval salivary proteins to inhibit or regulate host innate immunity, the evolution of larval salivary proteins, and its similarities and differences comparing to venom’s evolution. The findings from this project will also supply much theoretical basis and technical platform in order to further reveal the immune-interaction and coevolution of parasitic wasps and their hosts, and provide new ideas and methods for biological control of insect pests.