物种均有独特的纬度温度适应范围，但其背后的遗传学基础是什么至今仍悬而未决。近盲虾虎鱼亚科鱼类是穴居于浅海、潮间带的水陆过渡性类群，极易受纬度温度的影响。前期研究表明，在中国沿海纬度温度压力下，该亚科多数种类已呈或南或北的地理分布格局，然而从进化角度看，新近分化的同亚科鱼类是通过怎样的基因组变异才适应了如此迥异的纬度温度的？为物种纬度温度适应遗传机制的认知提供了理想的研究模型。本研究首先用比较基因组手段分析我国5个低纬和4个高纬适应种类基因组差异，揭示蛋白编码序列、基因扩增及非编码区变异与纬度温度适应的相关性，鉴定受正选择的适温相关基因。同时结合同质园实验和转录组分析,进一步解析温度胁迫下种间特异(高/低)表达且又受正选择的关键基因及其调控网络；最后通过种群遗传和模式种斑马鱼实验验证关键基因功能。本研究为深入揭示物种纬度温度适应的遗传机制提供新的视角，同时也为耐温基因资源的挖掘提供新的思路。

Different species usually has different latitude temperature tolerance range, but the genetic mechanism underlying this has not yet been fully understood, to date. Amblyopinae are typical fish species that dwell in caves in shallow coastal water and intertidal zone. These species are potentially largely influenced by latitude temperature. In fact, from the results of our previous study, we note that most species in Amblyopinae have already presented diverged distribution preference for high or low latitude along the coast of China. However, from the evolutionary point of view, what kind of genetic variation between these closely related species in Amblyopinae have enabled them to adapt to such diverged latitude thermal niches? This provides an ideal research model to study the genetic mechanism of latitude thermal adaptation in fish species. In this program, in order to understand the genetic mechanisms of different latitude thermal adaptation in these closely related Amblyopinae species, Firstly, we will analyze the genomic divergence between these Amblyopinae species, which has been well adapted to different thermal niches, and investigate the evolving patterns of different genomic elements, including coding protein genes, non-coding elements and gene duplication and contraction, and evaluate the correlation between these genomic divergence and the possible latitude thermal adaption, and identify the temperature adaption related gene under selection. Then, temperature stress common garden experiments and transcriptome analysis will be used to identify the key genes under selection, and to illustrate the relevant signal pathway and networks that may related to latitude temperature adaptation. Finally, the population genetics and zebrafish genetic manipulation analysis were used to test the possible function of these key genes. The present study will not only provide new insights into the molecular mechanism underlying contrast latitude temperature adaptation, commonly found in species, but also provide a new methodology for discovery of new thermal tolerance genes which has many implications in future's genetic breeding of fish species.