Adolescents' perceived risk of dying.
Adolescents' perceived risk of dying.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.06.026
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发表时间：
2010-03
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Halpern-Felsher, Bonnie L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fischhoff, Baruch;de Bruin, Waendi Bruine;Parker, Andrew M.;Millstein, Susan G.;Halpern-Felsher, Bonnie L.
尽管青少年对许多重大生活事件的预期是准确的或适度乐观的，但他们极大地高估了自己很快死亡的可能性。我们在这里考察青少年的死亡率判断是否与他们对生存的直接威胁的看法相关。这种敏感性将表明确保青少年获得有关这些威胁的准确信息以及应对这些威胁所需的心理支持的重要性。研究使用了两项独立研究的数据：一项针对3436名14-18岁青少年的全国性研究，以及124名12-16岁7年级学生和132名9年级学生的区域样本。参与者被问及他们在下一年和20岁之前死亡的可能性，以及他们身体健康受到的各种威胁的程度。这两个样本中的青少年都大大高估了自己的死亡几率。对于报告了直接威胁(例如，不安全的社区)的青少年来说，这些死亡率估计更高。因此，青少年对其生存威胁的相对大小很敏感，但对绝对风险水平的影响不敏感。与认为青少年有一种独特的无坚不摧的民间智慧相反，这些研究报告的人报告了一种夸大的死亡率，在那些报告他们的生活中受到更大威胁的人中，这种感觉最高。这种担忧可能会影响青少年的短期幸福感和未来规划。
Although adolescents’ expectations are accurate or moderately optimistic for many significant life events, they greatly overestimate their chances of dying soon. We examine here whether adolescents’ mortality judgments are correlated with their perceptions of direct threats to their survival. Such sensitivity would indicate the importance of ensuring that adolescents have accurate information about those threats, as well as the psychological support needed to deal with them. Data from two separate studies were used: a national study of 3,436 14–18 year old adolescents and a regional sample of 124 7th graders and 132 9th graders, 12–16 years old. Participants were asked about their chance of dying in the next year and before age 20, and about the extent of various threats to their physical well being. Adolescents in both samples greatly overestimated their chance of dying. Those mortality estimates were higher for adolescents who reported direct threats (e.g., an unsafe neighborhood). Thus, adolescents were sensitive to the relative size of threats to their survival, but not to the implications for absolute risk levels. Contrary to the folk wisdom that adolescents have a unique sense of invulnerability, those studied here reported an exaggerated sense of mortality, which was highest among those reporting greater threats in their lives. Such fears could affect adolescents’ short-term well being and future planning.
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影响因子：
7.6
作者：
de Bruin, Wandi Bruine;Parker, Andrew M.;Fischhoff, Baruch
通讯作者：
Fischhoff, Baruch
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
COHN, LD;MACFARLANE, S;IMAI, WK
通讯作者：
IMAI, WK
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Lerner, JS;Gonzalez, RM;Fischhoff, B
通讯作者：
Fischhoff, B
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Fischhoff, B;Parker, AM;Manski, CF
通讯作者：
Manski, CF
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Hurd, MD;McGarry, K
通讯作者：
McGarry, K