Organizational Justice, Professional Identification, Empathy, and Meaningful Work During COVID-19 Pandemic: Are They Burnout Protectors in Physicians and Nurses?
Organizational Justice, Professional Identification, Empathy, and Meaningful Work During COVID-19 Pandemic: Are They Burnout Protectors in Physicians and Nurses?
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2020.566139
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Almeida AE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Correia I;Almeida AE
职业倦怠已被认为是一个严重的健康问题。在葡萄牙，在新冠肺炎大流行之前，有强烈的迹象表明医生和护士的职业倦怠发生率很高。然而，葡萄牙保健服务能够有效地应对不断增加的需求。这项研究旨在了解心理社会变量如何可能成为葡萄牙医生和护士职业倦怠的保护性因素。具体地说，我们考虑了几个心理社会变量，这些变量在先前的研究中被发现是职业倦怠的保护性因素，我们比较了它们在预测职业倦怠方面的预测性和独到之处。这些变量是对正义的感知(分配性、程序性、同事的正义、患者及其家人的正义)、专业认同、有意义的工作和同理心。我们还将工作量作为风险因素包括在内，并控制了其他可能会混淆职业倦怠的变量，如社会人口变量、意识形态变量(宗教信仰、政治取向)以及与新冠肺炎流行相关的特定变量。本研究的样本由229名医生(年龄在23-70岁之间，男性=36.54；SD=10.72；男性48%，女性52%)和268名护士(年龄在22-69岁，男性=34.96；SD=9.52；男性27%，女性73%)组成。使用Qualtrics创建了一项在线调查，参与者通过Facebook和LinkedIn招募。这些数据是在29天内(葡萄牙首次诊断出新冠肺炎病例后的第45天至第74天)收集的。结果表明，除了医生的脱节外，工作量是一个重要的风险因素。在所有样本中，最一致的保护者是程序公平(对于职业倦怠的两个维度，医生和护士都是如此)和职业认同(对于医生和护士来说，是脱离；只有在医生身上是精疲力竭)。这项研究表明，减少工作量、促进程序公正和职业认同是降低职业倦怠风险或从一开始就防止职业倦怠发生的干预措施中可能同时和独立解决的关键因素。
Burnout has been recognized as a serious health problem. In Portugal, before COVID-19 Pandemic, there were strong indicators of high prevalence of burnout in physicians and nurses. However, the Portuguese Health Care Service was able to efficiently respond to the increased demands. This study intends to understand how psychosocial variables might have been protective factors for burnout in physicians and nurses in Portugal. Specifically, we considered several psychosocial variables that have been found to be protective factors for burnout in previous research and we compared their predictive and unique impact in the prediction of burnout. These variables are perceptions of justice (distributive, procedural, justice from colleagues, justice from patients, and their families), professional identification, meaningful work and empathy. We also included workload, as a risk factor, and controlled other variables that can be confounds for burnout, such as socio-demographic variables, ideological variables (religiosity, political orientation), and specific variables related with COVID-19 pandemic. The sample of the present study is composed by 229 physicians (aged between 23 and 70 years old, M = 36.54; SD = 10.72; 48% male and 52% female) and 268 nurses (aged between 22 and 69 years old, M = 34.96; SD = 9.52; 27% male and 73% female). An online survey was created using Qualtrics and participants were recruited via Facebook and LinkedIn. The data were collected during 29 days (between the 45th and the 74th days after the first diagnosed case of COVID-19 in Portugal). The results showed that workload was a significant risk factor, except for disengagement in physicians. The most consistent protectors across samples were procedural justice (for both dimensions of burnout, both in physicians and nurses) and professional identification (for disengagement, both in physicians and nurses; for exhaustion only in physicians). This study suggests that decreasing workload and promoting procedural justice and professional identification are key factors that might be simultaneously and independently addressed in interventions for reducing the risk of burnout or preventing it from occurring in the first place.
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影响因子：
9.9
作者：
Demerouti, E;Bakker, AB;Schaufeli, WB
通讯作者：
Schaufeli, WB
DOI：
10.1016/0030-5073(76)90016-7
发表时间：
1976-01-01
期刊：
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND HUMAN PERFORMANCE
影响因子：
--
作者：
HACKMAN, JR;OLDHAM, GR
通讯作者：
OLDHAM, GR
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Avanzi, Lorenzo;Fraccaroli, Franco;van Dick, Rolf
通讯作者：
van Dick, Rolf
影响因子：
6.1
作者：
Avanzi, Lorenzo;Schuh, Sebastian C.;van Dick, Rolf
通讯作者：
van Dick, Rolf
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Correia, Isabel;Pereira, Cicero R.;Vala, Jorge
通讯作者：
Vala, Jorge