Clostridium sticklandii, a specialist in amino acid degradation:revisiting its metabolism through its genome sequence.
Clostridium sticklandii, a specialist in amino acid degradation:revisiting its metabolism through its genome sequence.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2164-11-555
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发表时间：
2010-10-11
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Kreimeyer A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fonknechten N;Chaussonnerie S;Tricot S;Lajus A;Andreesen JR;Perchat N;Pelletier E;Gouyvenoux M;Barbe V;Salanoubat M;Le Paslier D;Weissenbach J;Cohen GN;Kreimeyer A
斯氏梭菌是一类以氨基酸为碳源和能源的非致病性蛋白水解梭菌。被TC隔离Stadtman在1954年提出，它通常被认为是新的生化反应的“金矿”，并被用作研究代谢方面的模式生物，如Stickland反应，辅酶B12和氨基酸的硒依赖性反应。为了重新审视其碳，氮和能量代谢，并与其他梭菌进行比较研究，其基因组已被测序和分析。C.斯氏梭菌是生物化学研究得最好的蛋白水解梭菌物种之一。从其基因组的测序和注释中获得了有用的额外信息，这在本文中介绍。此外，实验程序表明，C。sticklandii以优先和顺序的方式降解氨基酸。生物体偏好苏氨酸、精氨酸、丝氨酸、半胱氨酸、脯氨酸和甘氨酸，而谷氨酸、天冬氨酸和丙氨酸被排泄。能量守恒主要通过发酵途径中底物水平的磷酸化来实现。由不同的铁氧还蛋白氧化还原酶催化的反应和巴豆酰辅酶A的放能NADH依赖性还原指向通过Rnf复合物的可能的化学渗透能量守恒。C. sticklandii具有F型和V型ATP酶。在D-脯氨酸还原酶操纵子中发现了一种尚未被认识的硒蛋白，这表明了NADH依赖的D-脯氨酸还原的更详细的机制。一个相当不寻常的代谢特征是所有参与两种不同CO2固定途径的酶的基因的存在：C。sticklandii具有甘氨酸合成酶/甘氨酸还原酶和Wood-Ljungdahl途径。回顾性地，仅在其他四种测序的微生物中观察到这种不寻常的途径组合。分析了C. sticklandii基因组和额外的实验程序提高了我们对厌氧氨基酸降解的理解。已经检测到几种特定的代谢特征，其中一些对于厌氧发酵细菌是非常不寻常的。比较基因组学为研究致病性和非致病性梭菌的生活方式以及阐明梭菌和其他厌氧菌之间代谢特征的差异提供了机会。
Clostridium sticklandii belongs to a cluster of non-pathogenic proteolytic clostridia which utilize amino acids as carbon and energy sources. Isolated by T.C. Stadtman in 1954, it has been generally regarded as a "gold mine" for novel biochemical reactions and is used as a model organism for studying metabolic aspects such as the Stickland reaction, coenzyme-B12- and selenium-dependent reactions of amino acids. With the goal of revisiting its carbon, nitrogen, and energy metabolism, and comparing studies with other clostridia, its genome has been sequenced and analyzed. C. sticklandii is one of the best biochemically studied proteolytic clostridial species. Useful additional information has been obtained from the sequencing and annotation of its genome, which is presented in this paper. Besides, experimental procedures reveal that C. sticklandii degrades amino acids in a preferential and sequential way. The organism prefers threonine, arginine, serine, cysteine, proline, and glycine, whereas glutamate, aspartate and alanine are excreted. Energy conservation is primarily obtained by substrate-level phosphorylation in fermentative pathways. The reactions catalyzed by different ferredoxin oxidoreductases and the exergonic NADH-dependent reduction of crotonyl-CoA point to a possible chemiosmotic energy conservation via the Rnf complex. C. sticklandii possesses both the F-type and V-type ATPases. The discovery of an as yet unrecognized selenoprotein in the D-proline reductase operon suggests a more detailed mechanism for NADH-dependent D-proline reduction. A rather unusual metabolic feature is the presence of genes for all the enzymes involved in two different CO2-fixation pathways: C. sticklandii harbours both the glycine synthase/glycine reductase and the Wood-Ljungdahl pathways. This unusual pathway combination has retrospectively been observed in only four other sequenced microorganisms. Analysis of the C. sticklandii genome and additional experimental procedures have improved our understanding of anaerobic amino acid degradation. Several specific metabolic features have been detected, some of which are very unusual for anaerobic fermenting bacteria. Comparative genomics has provided the opportunity to study the lifestyle of pathogenic and non-pathogenic clostridial species as well as to elucidate the difference in metabolic features between clostridia and other anaerobes.
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DOI：
10.1016/s0021-9673(01)93857-9
发表时间：
1989-08-04
期刊：
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY
影响因子：
--
作者：
BRUCKNER, H;WITTNER, R;GODEL, H
通讯作者：
GODEL, H
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
ELSDEN, SR;HILTON, MG
通讯作者：
HILTON, MG
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0335853100
发表时间：
2003-02-04
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Brüggemann, H;Bäumer, S;Gottschalk, G
通讯作者：
Gottschalk, G
DOI：
10.1196/annals.1419.006
发表时间：
2008-01-01
期刊：
INCREDIBLE ANAEROBES: FROM PHYSIOLOGY TO GENOMICS TO FUELS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fisher, Edward;Dawson, Asia M.;Stolz, John F.
通讯作者：
Stolz, John F.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.73.8.2659
发表时间：
1976-01-01
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
CONE, JE;MARTINDELRIO, R;STADTMAN, TC
通讯作者：
STADTMAN, TC