Mixed emotions: the contribution of alexithymia to the emotional symptoms of autism.
Mixed emotions: the contribution of alexithymia to the emotional symptoms of autism.
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DOI：
10.1038/tp.2013.61
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发表时间：
2013-07-23
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Cook R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bird G;Cook R
人们普遍认为，自闭症与情绪处理障碍有关，特别是与情绪互惠的缺陷有关，例如情绪识别受损和同理心减少。然而，对文献的仔细研究揭示了自闭症人群在情感能力方面存在广泛的异质性。在这里，我们认为，从观察到的情况来看，情绪障碍是由于述情障碍（一种经常与自闭症同时发生的病症）引起的，而不是自闭症本身的一个特征。述情障碍是一种以识别和描述自己情绪的能力下降为特征的疾病，但会导致同理心下降以及识别他人情绪的能力受损。在描述最近一系列直接检验“述情障碍假说”的研究之前，我们简要回顾了述情障碍和自闭症的情绪处理研究。如果发现正确，述情障碍假说将对自闭症研究以及我们如何最好地支持患有或不伴有述情障碍的自闭症个体亚群产生广泛的影响。最后，我们注意到，在饮食失调、精神分裂症、药物滥用、帕金森病、多发性硬化症和焦虑症中，述情障碍的发生率较高，而情绪障碍的报告也不一致。我们推测，检查述情障碍对这些疾病的情绪症状的影响可能会像在自闭症中开始发挥作用一样取得成果。
It is widely accepted that autism is associated with disordered emotion processing and, in particular, with deficits of emotional reciprocity such as impaired emotion recognition and reduced empathy. However, a close examination of the literature reveals wide heterogeneity within the autistic population with respect to emotional competence. Here we argue that, where observed, emotional impairments are due to alexithymia—a condition that frequently co-occurs with autism—rather than a feature of autism per se. Alexithymia is a condition characterized by a reduced ability to identify and describe one's own emotion, but which results in reduced empathy and an impaired ability to recognize the emotions of others. We briefly review studies of emotion processing in alexithymia, and in autism, before describing a recent series of studies directly testing this ‘alexithymia hypothesis'. If found to be correct, the alexithymia hypothesis has wide-reaching implications for the study of autism, and how we might best support subgroups of autistic individuals with, and without, accompanying alexithymia. Finally, we note the presence of elevated rates of alexithymia, and inconsistent reports of emotional impairments, in eating disorders, schizophrenia, substance abuse, Parkinson's Disease, multiple sclerosis and anxiety disorders. We speculate that examining the contribution of alexithymia to the emotional symptoms of these disorders may bear fruit in the same way that it is starting to do in autism.
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作者：
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Wicherts, Jelte
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2009.0058
发表时间：
2009-08-27
期刊：
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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