Trabecular bone patterning in the hominoid distal femur.
Trabecular bone patterning in the hominoid distal femur.
复制标题
作者：
Georgiou L;Kivell TL;Pahr DH;Skinner MM
除了外部骨形状和皮质骨厚度和分布外，个体和物种间内部骨小梁的分布和方向已经产生了关于骨如何适应负荷的重要功能信息。特别是，骨小梁分析在人类和非人类灵长类动物运动的研究中发挥了关键作用，并表明具有不同运动能力的物种在骨骼的各个区域显示出不同的骨小梁结构。在这项研究中，我们分析了现存的古猿股骨远端的骨小梁结构和测试的差异，由于运动负荷制度。使用智人（n = 11）、黑猩猩（n = 18）、大猩猩（n = 14）和Pongo sp.（n = 7）的显微计算机断层扫描研究股骨远端骺的小梁结构。我们预测，骨体积分数（BV/TV）在内侧和外侧髁在人将远端集中和更各向异性，由于习惯性的伸展膝关节姿势在点的峰值地面反作用力在双足运动，而类人猿将显示更多的后方集中BV/TV和更大的各向同性，由于弯曲的膝关节姿势和运动过程中更可变的后肢使用。结果表明，分类群之间存在一些显著差异，最突出的是Pan髁状突后上区域的BV/TV较高，Homo髁状突后下区域的BV/TV和各向异性较高。此外，骨梁数量、间距和厚度差异显着，主要将大猩猩与其他猿类区分开来。股骨远端的骨小梁结构具有与习惯行为相关的功能信号;然而，不同分类群之间的相似性和种内变异性比预期的要大。具体来说，样本中的小梁结构有很大程度的重叠，人属并不像预测的那样明显。尽管如此，这项研究提供了一个比较样本的骨小梁结构在类人猿股骨远端，并有助于未来的研究运动在灭绝的类群。
In addition to external bone shape and cortical bone thickness and distribution, the distribution and orientation of internal trabecular bone across individuals and species has yielded important functional information on how bone adapts in response to load. In particular, trabecular bone analysis has played a key role in studies of human and nonhuman primate locomotion and has shown that species with different locomotor repertoires display distinct trabecular architecture in various regions of the skeleton. In this study, we analyse trabecular structure throughout the distal femur of extant hominoids and test for differences due to locomotor loading regime. Micro-computed tomography scans of Homo sapiens (n = 11), Pan troglodytes (n = 18), Gorilla gorilla (n = 14) and Pongo sp. (n = 7) were used to investigate trabecular structure throughout the distal epiphysis of the femur. We predicted that bone volume fraction (BV/TV) in the medial and lateral condyles in Homo would be distally concentrated and more anisotropic due to a habitual extended knee posture at the point of peak ground reaction force during bipedal locomotion, whereas great apes would show more posteriorly concentrated BV/TV and greater isotropy due to a flexed knee posture and more variable hindlimb use during locomotion. Results indicate some significant differences between taxa, with the most prominent being higher BV/TV in the posterosuperior region of the condyles in Pan and higher BV/TV and anisotropy in the posteroinferior region in Homo. Furthermore, trabecular number, spacing and thickness differ significantly, mainly separating Gorilla from the other apes. The trabecular architecture of the distal femur holds a functional signal linked to habitual behaviour; however, there was more similarity across taxa and greater intraspecific variability than expected. Specifically, there was a large degree of overlap in trabecular structure across the sample, and Homo was not as distinct as predicted. Nonetheless, this study offers a comparative sample of trabecular structure in the hominoid distal femur and can contribute to future studies of locomotion in extinct taxa.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1411696112
发表时间：
2015-01-13
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Chirchir, Habiba;Kivell, Tracy L.;Richmond, Brian G.
通讯作者：
Richmond, Brian G.
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
BALTZOPOULOS, V
通讯作者：
BALTZOPOULOS, V
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Chirchir, Habiba;Ruff, Christopher B.;Potts, Richard
通讯作者：
Potts, Richard
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
D'Août, K;Vereecke, E;Aerts, P
通讯作者：
Aerts, P
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Biewener, AA;Fazzalari, NL;Baudinette, RV
通讯作者：
Baudinette, RV