Human psychopharmacology and dose-effects of salvinorin A, a kappa opioid agonist hallucinogen present in the plant Salvia divinorum.
Human psychopharmacology and dose-effects of salvinorin A, a kappa opioid agonist hallucinogen present in the plant Salvia divinorum.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.11.005
复制
发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Griffiths, Roland R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johnson, Matthew W.;MacLean, Katherine A.;Reissig, Chad J.;Prisinzano, Thomas E.;Griffiths, Roland R.
Salvinorin A 是一种有效的、选择性非氮 kappa 阿片类激动剂，也是 Salvia divinorum 中已知的精神活性成分，Salvia divinorum 是薄荷家族的成员，几个世纪以来一直被墨西哥马萨特克萨满用于占卜和精神治疗。在过去的几年里，鼠尾草作为一种消遣性药物越来越受欢迎。这是一项对 4 名心理和身体健康的使用致幻剂的成年人进行的双盲、安慰剂对照研究。在整个治疗过程中，参与者在舒适和支持性的条件下吸入了 16 剂递增剂量的萨尔维诺林 A 和 4 剂混合安慰剂。剂量范围为 0.375 μg/kg 至 21 μg/kg。吸入后 60 分钟内每 2 分钟评估一次受试者评价的药物强度。观察到有序的时间和剂量相关效应。药物强度评级在 2 分钟（第一个时间点）时达到峰值，并且在吸入后约 20 分钟时不再存在明确的主观效应。在神秘型体验（神秘主义量表）和与经典血清素（5-HT2A）致幻剂相关的主观效应（致幻剂评定量表）的问卷测量中观察到剂量相关的增加。 Salvinorin A 不会显着增加心率或血压。参与者的叙述表明了强烈的体验，其特征是前庭和内感受信号的破坏（例如，空间方向的变化、身体上的压力）以及不寻常且有时在会议中反复出现的主题，例如重温童年记忆、卡通形象和与实体的接触。在这些准备好的支持性条件下，萨尔维诺林 A 引发了一种独特的主观效应，与经典致幻剂相似，包括神秘型效应。
Salvinorin A is a potent, selective nonnitrogenous kappa opioid agonist and the known psychoactive constituent of Salvia divinorum, a member of the mint family that has been used for centuries by Mazatec shamans of Mexico for divination and spiritual healing. Salvia divinorum has over the last several years gained increased popularity as a recreational drug. This is a double-blind, placebo controlled study of salvinorin A in 4 psychologically and physically healthy hallucinogen-using adults. Across sessions, participants inhaled 16 ascending doses of salvinorin A and 4 intermixed placebo doses under comfortable and supportive conditions. Doses ranged from 0.375 μg/kg to 21 μg/kg. Subject-rated drug strength was assessed every 2 minutes for 60 minutes after inhalation. Orderly time- and dose-related effects were observed. Drug strength ratings peaked at 2 minutes (first time point) and definite subjective effects were no longer present at approximately 20 minutes after inhalation. Dose-related increases were observed on questionnaire measures of mystical-type experience (Mysticism Scale) and subjective effects associated with classic serotonergic (5-HT2A) hallucinogens (Hallucinogen Rating Scale). Salvinorin A did not significantly increase heart rate or blood pressure. Participant narratives indicated intense experiences characterized by disruptions in vestibular and interoceptive signals (e.g., change in spatial orientation, pressure on the body) and unusual and sometimes recurring themes across sessions such as revisiting childhood memories, cartoon-like imagery, and contact with entities. Under these prepared and supportive conditions, salvinorin A occasioned a unique profile of subjective effects having similarities to classic hallucinogens, including mystical-type effects.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1177/0269881108093587
发表时间：
2008-08
期刊：
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Johnson M;Richards W;Griffiths R
通讯作者：
Griffiths R
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
McCurdy, CR;Sufka, KJ;Nieto, MJ
通讯作者：
Nieto, MJ
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Mowry, M;Mosher, M;Briner, W
通讯作者：
Briner, W
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Lange, James E.;Daniel, Jason;Clapp, John D.
通讯作者：
Clapp, John D.
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Fantegrossi, WE;Kugle, KM;Woods, JH
通讯作者：
Woods, JH