Human hallucinogen research: guidelines for safety.
Human hallucinogen research: guidelines for safety.
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DOI：
10.1177/0269881108093587
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发表时间：
2008-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Griffiths R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johnson M;Richards W;Griffiths R
最近，对经典致幻剂（迷幻药）的人体研究有了新的进展。本文首先简要讨论了人类致幻剂研究的独特历史，然后回顾了致幻剂给药的风险和最小化这些风险的保障措施。虽然致幻剂在生理上是相对安全的，不被认为是依赖药物，但它们的使用涉及独特的心理风险。最可能的风险是在药物作用期间极度痛苦（“糟糕的旅行”），这可能导致潜在的危险行为，如离开研究地点。不太常见的是由致幻剂引发的长期精神病。预防这些风险的措施包括：排除有精神障碍或其他严重精神障碍的个人或家族病史的志愿者，在会议前在会议监督者和志愿者之间建立信任和融洽关系，仔细的志愿者准备，安全的物理会议环境，以及在会议期间至少有两名研究监督者的人际支持。研究者应在随访接触中探讨相对罕见的致幻剂持续感知障碍。当按照这些指导方针进行研究时，持续的不良反应是罕见的。不谨慎的研究可能会危及参与者的安全和未来的研究。然而，仔细进行的研究可能会为精神疾病的治疗提供信息，并可能导致基础科学的进步。
There has recently been a renewal of human research with classical hallucinogens (psychedelics). This paper first briefly discusses the unique history of human hallucinogen research, and then reviews the risks of hallucinogen administration and safeguards for minimizing these risks. Although hallucinogens are relatively safe physiologically and are not considered drugs of dependence, their administration involves unique psychological risks. The most likely risk is overwhelming distress during drug action (“bad trip”), which could lead to potentially dangerous behavior such as leaving the study site. Less common are prolonged psychoses triggered by hallucinogens. Safeguards against these risks include the exclusion of volunteers with personal or family history of psychotic disorders or other severe psychiatric disorders, establishing trust and rapport between session monitors and volunteer before the session, careful volunteer preparation, a safe physical session environment, and interpersonal support from at least two study monitors during the session. Investigators should probe for the relatively rare hallucinogen persisting perception disorder in follow up contact. Persisting adverse reactions are rare when research is conducted along these guidelines. Incautious research may jeopardize participant safety and future research. However, carefully conducted research may inform the treatment of psychiatric disorders, and may lead to advances in basic science.
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
COHEN, MM;MARINELLO, MJ;BACK, N
通讯作者：
BACK, N
DOI：
10.1159/000468273
发表时间：
1971-01-01
期刊：
INTERNATIONAL PHARMACOPSYCHIATRY
影响因子：
--
作者：
ABUZZAHAB, FS;ANDERSON, BJ
通讯作者：
ANDERSON, BJ
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Carter, OL;Pettigrew, JD;Vollenweider, FX
通讯作者：
Vollenweider, FX
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
de Rios, MD;Grob, CS;Baker, JR
通讯作者：
Baker, JR
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
COHEN, MM;HIRSCHHO.K;FROSCH, WA
通讯作者：
FROSCH, WA