Thermophotovoltaic efficiency of 40.
Thermophotovoltaic efficiency of 40.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-022-04473-y
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发表时间：
2022-04
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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热光电转换（TPV）主要通过光伏效应将红外波长的光转换为电，并且可以实现使用比当今电力生产中普遍存在的涡轮机更高温度的热源的能量存储和转换方法。自从首次在2,000 °C（参考）下使用集成背表面反射器和钨发射器演示29%效率的TPV（图1a）以来，TPV的制造和性能得到了改进。然而，尽管预测TPV效率可以超过50%（参考文献100）。），尽管在低于1，300 °C的低得多的温度下，所展示的效率仍然仅高达32%（参考文献1）。).在这里，我们报告的制造和测量的TPV电池的效率超过40%，并通过实验证明了高带隙串联TPV电池的效率。TPV电池是双结器件，包括带隙在1.0和1.4 eV之间的III-V材料，其针对1，900 - 2，400 °C的发射极温度进行了优化。该电池利用带边光谱滤波的概念来获得高效率，使用高反射的背表面反射器来拒绝不可用的子带隙辐射回到发射器。1.4/1.2 eV器件在2.39 W cm-2的功率密度和2，400 °C的发射极温度下达到（41.1 ± 1）%的最大效率。1.2/1.0 eV器件在1.8 W cm-2的功率密度和2，127 °C的发射极温度下达到（39.3 ± 1）%的最大效率。这些电池可以集成到TPV系统中，用于热能电网存储，以实现可调度的可再生能源。这为热能电网存储创造了一条途径，以达到足够高的效率和足够低的成本，从而实现电网的脱碳。报道了具有超过40%的效率的双结TPV电池，其使用温度在1，900 ° C和2，400 °C之间的发射极，用于集成到用于热能电网存储的TPV系统中。
Thermophotovoltaics (TPVs) convert predominantly infrared wavelength light to electricity via the photovoltaic effect, and can enable approaches to energy storage and conversion that use higher temperature heat sources than the turbines that are ubiquitous in electricity production today. Since the first demonstration of 29% efficient TPVs (Fig. 1a) using an integrated back surface reflector and a tungsten emitter at 2,000 °C (ref. ), TPV fabrication and performance have improved. However, despite predictions that TPV efficiencies can exceed 50% (refs. ), the demonstrated efficiencies are still only as high as 32%, albeit at much lower temperatures below 1,300 °C (refs. ). Here we report the fabrication and measurement of TPV cells with efficiencies of more than 40% and experimentally demonstrate the efficiency of high-bandgap tandem TPV cells. The TPV cells are two-junction devices comprising III–V materials with bandgaps between 1.0 and 1.4 eV that are optimized for emitter temperatures of 1,900–2,400 °C. The cells exploit the concept of band-edge spectral filtering to obtain high efficiency, using highly reflective back surface reflectors to reject unusable sub-bandgap radiation back to the emitter. A 1.4/1.2 eV device reached a maximum efficiency of (41.1 ± 1)% operating at a power density of 2.39 W cm–2 and an emitter temperature of 2,400 °C. A 1.2/1.0 eV device reached a maximum efficiency of (39.3 ± 1)% operating at a power density of 1.8 W cm–2 and an emitter temperature of 2,127 °C. These cells can be integrated into a TPV system for thermal energy grid storage to enable dispatchable renewable energy. This creates a pathway for thermal energy grid storage to reach sufficiently high efficiency and sufficiently low cost to enable decarbonization of the electricity grid. Two-junction TPV cells with efficiencies of more than 40% are reported, using an emitter with a temperature between 1,900 and 2,400 °C, for integration into a TPV system for thermal energy grid storage.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Amy, C.;Budenstein, D.;Henry, A.
通讯作者：
Henry, A.
影响因子：
4
作者：
Geisz, J. F.;Steiner, M. A.;Friedman, D. J.
通讯作者：
Friedman, D. J.
影响因子：
11.2
作者：
Amy, Caleb;Pishahang, Mehdi;Henry, Asegun
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Henry, Asegun
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Dashiell, Michael W.;Beausang, John E.;Luryi, Serge
通讯作者：
Luryi, Serge
影响因子：
9
作者：
Amy, Caleb;Pishahang, Mehdi;Henry, Asegun
通讯作者：
Henry, Asegun