Biosynthetic/Biomimetic Studies in Insects

本研究是关于表征的关键中间体， 保幼激素在昆虫发育中的作用， 将由有机和高分子化学 程序. 这一研究将有助于阐明JH 行动，这将提供深入了解替代方法， 昆虫控制 昆虫中未知的内源性保幼激素和抗保幼激素将 通过使用受体结合来分离和表征 用于指导分级分离、纯化和鉴定的分析。 这些无脊椎动物化合物可以是形态发生剂或 参与受体蛋白介导的抗形态发生剂 染色体DNA的转录。 1. 内源性Juvenoids。 保幼激素（JH）的作用可以是 超过五千种合成juvenoids在体内模拟， 很多人都与JH无关。氚和I-125标记的JH 纽约州立大学斯托尼布鲁克开发的模拟物被用来发现 靶细胞中存在独特的juvenoid结合位点 烟草天蛾的细胞核。 这些网站不承认 JH同系物 因此，可以预测， 分子存在于未成熟的昆虫中， 这些juvenoid受体的配体。 使用绑定 氚-甲氧普烯或氚-S-31183（或它们的光不稳定性 类似物），竞争性结合材料将被纯化 从早期Manduca（烟草天蛾）幼虫到 建立这些自然的存在和结构 形态发生素 2. 白蚁种姓分化的抑制剂。 士兵 白蚁在头部产生大量的防御分泌物， 此外，现已发现，其他物质 目前，它可以抑制甲氧普烯诱导的蜕皮， 工人进入学前班。 白蚁工人和幼虫的 东部地下白蚁Reticulitermes flavipes是一种 丰富的资源用于分离涉及的甲氧普烯受体 在刺激种姓分化方面， 含有抑制性信息素， 体内甲氧普烯。 体外生物化学测定已经被 血淋巴JH结合蛋白的变化 通过光亲和标记检测由甲氧普烯诱导的细胞凋亡。

This research is on characterizing the key intermediates in the functioning of juvenile hormones (JH) in insect development and will be supported by the Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Program. This research will lead to the elucidation of JH action which will provide insights into alternative methods of insect control. Unknown endogenous juvenoids and anti-juvenoids in insects will be isolated and characterized by the use of receptor binding assays to guide fractionation, purification, and authenication. These invertebrate compounds may be morphogens or anti-morphogens involved in receptor protein-mediated transcription of chromosomal DNA. 1. Endogenous Juvenoids. Juvenile hormone (JH) action can be mimicked in vivo by over five thousand synthetic juvenoids, many unrelated to JH itself. Tritium and I-125 labeled JH mimics developed at SUNY, Stony Brook were used to discover the existence of unique juvenoid binding sites in target cell nuclei of the tobacco hornworm. These sites do not recognize JH homologs. Thus it is predicted that endogenous small molecules are present in immature insects which are natural ligands for these juvenoid receptors. Using the binding of tritium-methoprene or tritium-S-31183 (or their photolabile analogs), the competitive binding materials will be purified from early instar Manduca (tobacco hornworm) larvae to establish the existence and structure of these natural morphogens. 2. Inhibitors of Termite Caste Differentiation. Soldier termites produce abundant defense secretions in their head; in addition, it has now been found that other substances are present, which can inhibit the methoprene-induced molting of workers into presoldiers. Termite workers and larvae of the Eastern subterranean termite Reticulitermes flavipes are an abundant resource for isolation of methoprene receptor involved in stimulating caste differentiation, while soldiers and nymphs contain inhibitory pheromones which block this action of methoprene in vivo. An in vitro biochemical assay has been developed by which changes in hemolymph JH binding proteins induced by methoprene are detected by photoaffinity labeling.