RUI: A Proposal for the Collection ad Analysis of Photometric Data Giving Solar Irradiance Fluctuations

在20世纪70年代末的S和80年代初的S，发射了两个卫星实验来测量太阳的辐照度，有时被称为“太阳常数”。这两个卫星实验已经非常清楚地表明，太阳辐照度在几分钟到几年的时间尺度上变化。最大的幅度变化发生在5到7天的时间尺度上，显然与大型太阳黑子群穿过太阳表面有关。具有讽刺意味的是，太阳辐照度的最高值出现在太阳周期的高峰期，此时太阳黑子的平均面积比其他时候大得多。太阳最大值附近的辐射增强可能是由于存在大面积的光斑，在边缘附近的白光中可以看到磁场区域，因为明亮的斑点被认为太暗和太稀少，不能引起与太阳黑子相比的太阳辐射的显著变化。SFO过去六年的工作表明，光斑确实是重要的排放源。特别是，1982年对一组大太阳黑子的研究表明，光斑的发射大致平衡了太阳黑子的阻挡。散布在太阳上的磁场碎片，也就是所谓的光球网的一部分，可能是在太阳活动高峰期看到的多余辐射的原因。通过获得不同波长的准确的太阳光度学图像，它旨在确定太阳黑子、光斑和网络在卫星辐照度监测器测量中的影响，并允许搜索更微妙的太阳效应。这项工作的结果可能有助于更好地预测太阳磁周期对地球气候的影响。

In the late 1970's and early 1980's two satellite experiments were launched to measure the solar irradiance, sometimes called the "solar constant". These two satellite experiments have shown quite clearly that the solar irradiance varies on time scales from minutes to years. The largest amplitude variations occur on time scales of 5 to 7 days and are clearly associated with the passage of large sunspot groups across the face of the sun. Ironically, the highest values of solar irradiance are during the peak of the solar cycle when the average area of sun spots is much larger than at other times. The enhanced irradiance near solar maximum may be due to the presence of large areas of faculae, magnetic field regions seen in white light near the limb as bright patches were thought to be too faint and too scarce to cause a significant change in solar irradiance compared to sunspots. The work at the SFO over the last six years has shown that faculae are indeed important sources of emission. In particular, it was shown for a group of large sunspots in 1982 that the emission from faculae approximately balanced the blocking of sunspots. The fragments of magnetic fields scattered across the sun, part of what is called the photospheric network, may be responsible for the surplus of emission that is seen at the time of the solar maximum. By obtaining accurate photometric images of the sun at various wavelengths, it is intended to determine the effects of sunspots, faculae and the network in the measurements of satellite irradiance monitors and permit the search for even more subtle solar effects. The results of this work may help to better predict the effects of the solar magnetic cycle on the earth's climate.