Topographic Analysis for Distributed Hydrological and Erosional Modeling of Landscapes

水文和土壤侵蚀建模的核心重要性是 充分表现地形的发展。 这样的 代表性必须能够产生精确的估计， 任何一点的海拔、坡度和方位。 进展甚微 然而，由于问题的复杂性，我们在解决这个问题时做了很多工作。 提出预测土地利用做法影响的模型， 非点源污染的农业管理做法， 例如，由于无法充分考虑 三维效果。 基于地形可以 以离散多边形的形式表示，每个多边形由两个 等高线段和两条插值流线， 将开发一种技术来处理空间变异的 大流域和河流流域的属性。 该项目将 完善并开始测试已建立的水文模型， 集成了为更具体的模型开发的算法。 这项创新研究旨在开发包括以下内容的方法： 三维效果，更容易处理，准确， 工程师、土壤科学家和其他 实践者比目前的方法。 方法的解释 代表地形，和中心的统计问题，必须 在制定这一代表性的过程中，将有助于 地理信息系统的发展。 这些方法具有 促进在模拟气候变化影响方面取得进展的潜力 非点源水质管理和土地使用做法， 数量。 所开发的技术也可适用于 地下水运动和相关的地下水应用， 这反过来又可能是基本的考虑因素， 制定可靠的补救措施。

Of central importance to hydrologic and soil erosion modelling is the development of an adequate representation of terrain. Such a representation must be capable of yielding precise estimates of elevation, slope, and aspect at any point. Little progress has been made in solving this problem because of its complexity, however. Present models for predicting effects of land use practices and agricultural management practices on nonpoint source pollution, for example, are limited by their inability to adequately consider three-dimensional effects. Based on the idea that terrain can be represented in the form of discrete polygons, each bounded by two contour segments and two interpolated streamlines, the investigators will develop a technology to handle spatial variability of the attributes in large watersheds and river basins. This project will refine and begin testing of an established hydrological model that integrates algorithms developed for more specific models. This innovative study aims to develop methods that encompass three-dimensional effects and that are more tractable, accurate, and practical for use by engineers, soil scientists, and other practitioners than are current methods. Explanation of means of representing terrain, and the central statistical questions that must be dealt with in working out this representation, will contribute to the development of geographic information systems. These methods have the potential to facilitate progress toward modelling the effects of management and land use practices on nonpoint source water quality and quantity. The techniques developed may also be applicable to subsurface water movement and to related groundwater applications, which in turn are likely to be essential considerations in the development of reliable remedial measures.