Movement in Depth and Velocity: Cortical Mechanisms

视觉系统的一个非常重要的特征是 图像运动的检测。 这样的运动可能发生在 视野，或有一个组件朝向或远离 观察者，称为“深度运动”。“为了理解视觉是如何 系统处理运动，重要的是要了解神经细胞如何在 视觉皮层的复杂网络会做出生理反应 运动刺激，包括选择特定方向 或运动速度。 该项目将数学建模方法与 单个皮层神经元的生理记录。 意图 是获取有关连接性的详细功能信息 在视觉通路中，不能通过其他途径获得 方法如解剖标记或组织培养。 视觉 刺激将主要是移动条阵列的那些， 利用“白色”的原理， 噪声”以产生随机刺激序列。 的一部分 该研究将测试如何在 皮质细胞，以及它如何暗示连接和细胞 这种选择性的机制。 另一部分将测试 三维运动灵敏度的选择性， 分析单眼和双眼对刺激的反应 件. 这种强有力的方法应该会产生这样的结果， 不仅对视觉神经科学有影响， 计算机视觉、人工智能和神经网络。

One feature of visual systems that is very important is detection of image motion. Such motion may occur across the visual field, or have a component toward or away from the observer, called "motion in depth." To understand how the visual system handles motion it is important to learn how nerve cells in the complex network of the visual cortex respond physiologically to moving stimuli, including selectivity to particular directions or velocities of motion. This project combines a mathematical modelling approach with physiological recording of single cortical neurons. The intent is to obtain detailed functional information about connectivity in the visual pathway that cannot be obtained through other methods such as anatomical labelling or tissue culture. Visual stimuli will be mainly those of a moving bar array which will be modulated in space and time, using the principles of "white noise" to produce a randomized stimulus sequence. One part of the study will test how velocity sensitivity may be modeled in cortical cells, and how it may suggest connectivity and cellular mechanisms for that selectivity. The other part will test selectivity for movement sensitivity in three dimensions, analyzing monocular and binocular responses to the stimulus components. This powerful approach should give results that will have an impact not only on visual neuroscience, but also on computer vision, artificial intelligence, and neural networks.