Ecological Trade-offs of Resistance in Parsnip Webworms and Wild Parsnip

尽管在植物和昆虫种群中都存在增加抗性性状频率的选择潜力，但这些性状存在大量的遗传变异。这种差异表明，可能存在与抗性进化相关的选择性权衡。一种这样的权衡是抗性的成本--也就是说，抗药性基因的适合度降低了，在寄主野生防风草属中的适合度降低。在这个系统中，植物中的植物化学抗性因子表现出遗传变异，解毒的定性数据也是如此，这些数据用于完善植物-昆虫共同进化的理论预期，以及在农业生态系统中设计和实施抗性管理计划。

Despite the fact that the potential exists for selection to increase the frequency of resistance traits in both plant and insect populations, a substantial amount of genetic variation exists for such traits. Such variation suggests that there may be selective tradeoffs associated with the evolution of resistance. One such tradeoff is the cost of resistance--that is, the reduced fitness of resistant genotypes in the Depressaria pastinacella (parsnip webworm) and its host wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa). In this system, phytochemical resistance factors in the plant are known to exhibit genetic variation, as are detoxicative qualitative data for refining theoretical expectations of plant-insect coevolution as well as for designing and implementing resistance management programs in agroecosystems.