Regional Settlement Systems in Southwest Germany

在美国国家科学基金会的支持下，Jochim博士和他的同事们将对德国南部从多瑙河延伸到阿尔卑斯山的40 x 100公里区域进行长期考古研究。在第一阶段，他们将开展三个项目。首先，他们将综合现有的遗址数据，从大约35000年前的奥里尼亚纪（Aurignacian）一直到农业和畜牧业开始出现的新石器时代。材料将从博物馆收藏和考古现场报告中整理。其次，该小组将发展一个地理信息系统数据库，其中包括地貌和植被信息。它还将纳入考古遗址的数据。最后，该小组将在这个更广泛的区域内的一个分区域对耕地进行考古调查。研究结果将提供有关考古序列和遗址密度的详细信息。迄今为止的考古工作表明，这个位于德国南部的地区包含了丰富的考古数据，其遗址从旧石器时代早期到中石器时代再到新石器时代。因此，这一地区提供了人类如何在狩猎和采集生存水平适应严酷和高度变化的冰河时代环境的见解。它还记录了冰河时代末期向更温和环境的转变，以及随后向更稳定的新石器时代生活方式的转变。然而，这些数据是参差不齐的，而且从未在单一的时代性环境视角下进行过分析。因此，很难理解人类适应和变化的过程。在这一长期项目的第一阶段，约希姆博士和他的同事将建立框架，使这种全面的分析成为可能。这项研究之所以重要，有几个原因。它将为大量考古学家提供感兴趣的数据。它还将增加我们对人类如何适应简单技术水平的理解。

With National Science Foundation support, Dr. Jochim and his colleagues will initiate a long term archaeological study of a 40 x 100 kilometer region which extends from the Danube River to the Alps in Southern Germany. In this first phase they will conduct three projects. First, they will synthesize the available site data for the period extending from the Aurignacian, ca. 35,000 years ago, through the Neolithic period when agriculture and stock raising was introduced. Material will be collated from museum collections and archaeological site reports. Secondly, the team will develop a GIS data bank which includes information on geomorphology and vegetation. It will also incorporate data on archeological sites. Finally, the group will conduct an archaeological survey of plowed fields in a subregion within this broader area. The results should provide detailed information on both the archaeological sequence and the density of sites. Archaeological work to date indicates that this region in Southern Germany contains a wealth of archaeological data with sites which extend from the early Upper Paleolithic through the Mesolithic and into Neolithic times. Therefore, this region provides insight into how humans at a hunting and gathering level of subsistence adapted to a harsh and highly variable Ice Age environment. It also documents the change at the end of the Ice Age to more temperate conditions as well as the succeeding shift to a more settled Neolithic way of life. However, the data are spotty and have never been analyzed within a single dichronic environmental perspective. Therefore, it is difficult to understand the processes which underlay the human adaptation and change. In this the first stage of a long term project, Dr. Jochim and his colleagues will establish the framework to make such a comprehensive analysis possible. This research is important for several reasons. It will provide data of interest to a large number of archaeologists. It will also increase our understanding of how humans adapt at a simple level of technology.