Collaborative Research on Political Culture and Political Participation in Mainland China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong: A Comparative Survey

本研究以1993年至1994年冬季大陆中国、台湾及香港的政治文化与政治参与为研究对象。这项研究提供了在一个共同的分析程序下收集的关于这三个制度下的行为和文化的第一个经验数据。该项目围绕两个核心分析问题进行设计。首先，在这三种政治制度中，政治制度和政治文化(价值观和信仰)都在发生快速变化。公民的政治行为(投票、联系政府官员寻求帮助等)也在发生变化。通过研究生活在不同发展水平、制度体系和政治亚文化环境中的单一历史文化成员，该项目能够确定文化变化或制度变化对公民个人政治行为变化的影响更大。其次，该项目分析了政权的文化维度。变化。这项调查着眼于每个政治系统中公民对政治当局、政权和国家的态度，特别是对政权合法性和公民政治认同的态度。研究人员探索了每个政治系统在主要价值观上是否存在内部共识或分歧；政治价值分裂的主要问题是什么；以及分歧是沿着精英与大众的路线出现的，还是存在于大众群体中的不同阶层。许多数据是为了与美国、西欧、俄罗斯、日本和其他地方收集的数据进行比较而设计的。该项目为未来研究中国三大政治体制的变化提供了一个基线。

This research investigation involves surveys on political culture and political participation in mainland China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong during the winter of 1993-1994. The research provides the first empirical data on behavior and culture under these three regimes collected under a common analytic program. The project is designed around two core analytical issues. First, in these three political systems rapid changes are occurring in both political institutions and political culture (values and beliefs). The political behavior of citizens (voting, contacting government officials for favors, etc.) is also changing. By studying members of a single historical culture who are living in settings that have different developmental levels, institutional systems, and political sub-cultures, the project is able to determine whether cultural changes or insitutional changes have stronger effects on changes in individual citizens' political behavior. Second, the project analyzes the cultural dimension of regime. change. The investigation looks at citizens' attitudes in each political system toward the political authorities, the regime, and the nation, especially attitudes concerning regime legitimacy and citizen's political identifications. The researchers explore whether each political system has internal consensus or disagreement over major values; what the major issues of political value cleavage are; and, whether disagreements fall along elite- mass lines or are located among sectors of the mass population. Many of the data are designed to permit comparison with data collected in the United States, Western Europe, Russia, Japan, and elsewhere. The project provides a baseline for future studies of change in the three Chinese political systems.