Iwawi Ceramic Study

在国家科学基金会的支持下，威廉·伊斯贝尔博士和他的 同事将在该遗址进行考古发掘， Iwawi，一个位于火山口的小而深的层状土丘。 蒂瓦纳库河的喀喀湖海岸在玻利维亚。初步 Isbell博士的工作表明，该网站跨越了大约 2000年期间。在居住层的挖掘将 出产动物和植物遗迹以及石器， 陶瓷.团队的重点将放在最后一节课上。主 研究的目标是为陶瓷制作一个精致的风格序列， 使用计算机辅助描述以及更标准的 分析。一套放射性碳年代测定将增加绝对 年表将进行四个10 x 10米的挖掘， 土丘的不同部分除了按时间顺序排列的数据外， 这些大型挖掘的房屋地板环境将提供一个 在经济、家庭组织和社会方面有良好的记录 在不断变化的区域范围内的差异。 的的喀喀湖盆地见证了 新世界的文明。在这个令人生畏的高海拔地区 美洲原住民建立了一个帝国， 建筑和控制的一个领域，其中延伸了大部分的 现在的玻利维亚和秘鲁。许多考古学家在 这个盆地的兴起，传播和最终衰落 蒂瓦纳库文化。他们集中讨论了诸如 农业技术，使大规模的支持， 人口。然而，研究人员面临的主要问题是 缺乏一个好的陶瓷年表。因为陶瓷风格的变化 随着时间的推移，它们可以提供一种敏感的测年技术， 允许各个站点和站点内的级别准确地 放置.然而，在的的喀喀地区， 就业是远远不够的，需要修改。伊斯贝尔医生的 项目将实现这一目标。 这项研究之所以重要，有几个原因。将加大 我们对文明如何兴起和衰落的理解。它将 也为许多考古学家提供了一种工具。

With National Science Foundation support Dr. William Isbell and his colleagues will conduct an archaeological excavation at the site of Iwawi, a small deeply stratified mound located at the mouth of the Tiwanaku River on the Lake Titicaca shore in Bolivia. Preliminary work by Dr. Isbell suggests that the site spans an approximately 2000 year period. Excavation through the habitation levels will yield faunal and floral remains as well as stone tools and abundant ceramics. The team's focus will be on this last class. The primary goal of the research is a refined stylistic sequence for ceramics, employing computer assisted descriptions as well as more standard analyses. A suite of radiocarbon dates will add absolute chronology. Four 10 x 10 meter excavations will be conducted on different sections of the mound. In addition to chronological data, house floor contexts from these large excavations will provide an excellent record of economics, household organization and social differentiation within a changing regional sphere. The Lake Titicaca basin saw the rise of one of the earliest civilizations in the New World. In this formidable high altitude region Native Americans formed an empire marked by monumental architecture and control of an area which extends over much of present day Bolivia and Peru. Many archaeologists have worked in the basin to trace the rise, spread and eventual decline of this Tiwanaku culture. They have focussed on such topics as the agricultural techniques which allowed the support of large populations. The main problem which researchers face however is the lack of a good ceramic chronology. Because ceramic styles change over time, they can provide a sensitive dating technique which allow individual sites and levels within sites to be accurately placed. In the Titicaca region however the sequence currently employed is far from adequate and in need of revision. Dr. Isbell's project will accomplish this goal. This research is important for several reasons. It will increase our understanding of how civilizations arise and decline. It will also provide a tool of use to many archaeologists.