Iwawi Ceramic Style Study Renewal

Iwawi 陶瓷风格研究更新

• 批准号: 9515336
• 负责人: William Isbell
• 金额: $ 14.88万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Binghamton
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-01-15 至 1997-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9515336&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Iwawi; Ceramic; Style; Study; Renewal

With National Science Foundation support Dr. William Isbell and his colleagues will conduct archaeological research at the site of Iwawi, a four-hectare mound on the shore of Lake Titicaca in Bolivia. It is located 23 km from Tiwanaku which, it has been argued, was the capital of the earliest empire in the Andes. While it has been hypothesized (although yet to be proven) that Iwawi served as a port for Tiwanaku, it is clear that the site was occupied for two millennia and that people fished and collected lacustrine resources. They also cultivated raised fields whose fossil remains surround the site. Prior work at Iwawi has indicated that the mound contains a clear intact stratigraphy and is rich in floral and faunal remains as well as ceramics and other artifacts. The site also contains a number of burials. While a number archaeologists have worked in the Titicaca basin for many years the research has been hampered by lack of an accepted chronology. Dating, as in many parts of the world, is based on the analysis of ceramic assemblages but in this region a secure ceramic chronology has not been established. Without this, it is not possible to determine the age of the many surface structures and remains which are abundant in the region. In their past NSF supported work, Dr. Isbell and his colleagues began the painstaking task of creating such a ceramic sequence and the current award will allow them to complete the process. They will also analyze the faunal, floral and other materials collected and these will provide insight into how the inhabitants lived and how their behaviors changed over time. Complex societies appear to have arisen independently at roughly the same time in many parts of the world and archaeologists wish to understand the processes responsible for this phenomenon. Because Tiwanaku was the first of the great Andean empires it can provide an example of this process from beginning to end and therefore archaeologists have focused attention on it. Tiwanaku evidently supported large numbers of people in a high, cold and inhospitable environment and archaeologists wish to understand what subsistence strategies were followed. Dr. Isbell's work will not only shed new light on these issues but also provide a chronological tool of great value to other researchers.

在国家科学基金会的支持下，威廉·伊斯贝尔博士和他的同事将在玻利维亚的的喀喀湖海岸上的一个占地4公顷的土丘伊瓦维遗址进行考古研究。它位于距离蒂瓦纳库23公里处，据说蒂瓦纳库是安第斯山脉最早帝国的首都。虽然有人假设（尽管尚未得到证实），Iwawi曾是Tiwanaku的港口，但很明显，该遗址被占领了两千年，人们捕鱼和收集湖泊资源。他们还开垦了高出地面的土地，这些土地的化石遗迹环绕着遗址。之前在Iwawi的工作表明，该土墩包含一个清晰完整的地层，并富含植物和动物遗迹以及陶瓷和其他文物。该遗址还包括一些墓葬。虽然许多考古学家在的的喀喀盆地工作多年，但由于缺乏公认的年代学，研究受到阻碍。与世界上许多地方一样，断代是基于对陶瓷组合的分析，但在这一地区，还没有建立一个安全的陶瓷年表。如果没有这一点，就不可能确定该地区许多地表结构和遗迹的年龄。在他们过去的NSF支持的工作中，Isbell博士和他的同事们开始了创建这样一个陶瓷序列的艰苦任务，目前的奖项将允许他们完成这一过程。他们还将分析收集到的动物群，花卉和其他材料，这些材料将有助于了解居民的生活方式以及他们的行为如何随着时间的推移而变化。 复杂的社会似乎在世界许多地方独立地出现在大致相同的时间，考古学家希望了解造成这一现象的过程。由于蒂瓦纳库是第一个伟大的安第斯帝国，它可以提供一个例子，这一过程从开始到结束，因此考古学家集中注意力在它身上。蒂瓦纳库显然支持了大量的人在一个高，寒冷和荒凉的环境和考古学家希望了解什么生存策略遵循。Isbell博士的工作不仅将为这些问题提供新的线索，而且还为其他研究人员提供了一个具有重要价值的时间工具。