One-Piece Kumakhov Optics to Achieve Increased Control of X-Ray and Neutron Beams

毛细管光学（Kumakhov光学）通过在小于临界角的多次反射来控制x射线和低能中子束。光学已经证明了形成会聚或准平行光束的能力。这种受控光束在许多x射线和中子材料分析技术中都有应用。虽然当前一代的Kumakhov光学系统可以提供实质性的好处，但组装限制了可实现的传输效率、能量范围、对准和最小焦斑尺寸。对于许多材料分析技术，这些光束参数影响空间分辨率、检测限和测量时间。新一代Kumakhov光学系统将用于改进x射线和中子束的控制。这些光学元件将作为一个整体制造。使光子或中子偏转的通道在光学器件的长度上具有可变的直径。第一阶段的工作将包括对这种结构的x射线传输效率和出口散度的蒙特卡洛模拟，以及对一些早期一体式原型的x射线传输特性的实验测量。第二阶段将包括开发和测试全功能的一体式光学器件。这种光学器件可能产生x射线或中子焦点光斑大小为10 b> m，并通道能量为100 keV的x射线。

Capillary-based optics (Kumakhov optics) control X-ray and low-energy neutron beams by means of multiple reflections at less than the critical angle. Optics have demonstrated the capability to form convergent or quasi-parallel beams. Such controlled beams have applications in many X-ray and neutron material analysis techniques. Although the current generation of Kumakhov optics can provide substantial benefit, assembly constraints limit the achievable transmission efficiency, energy range, alignment, and minimum focal spot size of the resulting beam. For many material analysis techniques these beam parameters affect the spatial resolution, detection limits, and measurement time. A new generation of Kumakhov optics will be developed to improve X-ray and neutron beam control. These optics will be manufactured as a single piece. The channels which deflect the photons or neutrons will have variable diameters over the length of the optic. The Phase I effort will include Monte Carlo simulations of X-ray transmission efficiency and exit divergence with such structures, and experimental measurements of the X-ray transmission properties of a few early one-piece prototypes. Phase II would include development and testing of fully functional one-piece optics. Such optics could potentially produce X-ray or neutron focal spot sizes 10 >m and channel x-rays with energies 100 keV.