Research and Development, Training, and Productivity: A Firm-Level Analysis

这项研究通过关注企业层面的研发(R&A；D)和职业培训支出的作用，考察了发展中国家生产率水平和增长决定因素的微观基础。该项目的目标是(1)描述企业层面培训和研发支出的发生率和模式；(2)研究影响企业投资研发和培训决策的经济因素；以及(3)研发和工作培训对企业层面生产率水平和变化的影响。生产率增长的核心是技术变革。在快速发展的国家，鼓励高技术发展与以出口为导向的增长战略密切相关。此外，在微观层面上，出口游戏的成功往往与大企业有关。在这里，我们将技术、出口导向和生产率这三股力量联系在一起，以决定公司的投资决策及其结果。这项研究基于台湾制造业普查1976年至1991年期间独特而丰富的微观数据库，该数据库涵盖了台湾制造业的所有工厂。该数据库报告了企业层面的研发、培训和出口销售数据，而大多数国家几乎不存在这些数据。这些数据与最近开发的微观数据经验技术相结合，以深入了解快速发展经济体工业发展进程中的关键因素的决定因素和影响。

This research examines the micro-foundations of the determinants of the level and growth of productivity in developing countries by focussing on the roles of firm level research and development (R&D) and job training expenditures. The objectives of the project are to (1) describe the incidence and patterns of firm level training and R&D expenditures; (2) study the economic factors that influence firm decisions to invest in R&D and training; and (3) the impact of R&D and job training on the level and change in productivity at the firm level. At the heart of productivity growth is technological change. In rapidly developing countries, the encouragement of high technology development is closely linked to a growth strategy which is export- oriented. Furthermore, at the microlevel, success at the exporting game is often linked to large enterprises. Here we link the three forces of technology, export-orientation and productivity in determining firm investment decisions and their outcome. This research is based on a unique and rich micro-database of the Taiwan Census of Manufactures for the period from 1976 to 1991 that covers all plants in the country's manufacturing sector. Data on firm-level R&D, training and export sales, virtually non-existent for most countries, are reported in this database. This data is combined with recently developed microdata empirical techniques to gain insights into the determinants and effects of key factors in the industrial development process in rapidly developing economies.