Modeling of Distributed Neural Mechanisms for Genesis and Control of the Respiratory Rhythm

WPC 2 B P Z Courier 10cpi #| x x @ 8；X @ HP Laserjet （25-in- in, Network）PRS x @, t 0 NX @ # x 6 x @ 8；X @# 2 n ~ V #| x ( 快递10 cpi 2 x x x , x @ X 8; @ 2 Z p F ` 惠普激光打印机HPLASEII (25-in-one、网络)。PRS x @, t 0 NX @ # x 6 x @ 8；该项目将调查和模拟联合心肺控制系统的神经控制机制。专门为探索性研究时期提出的研究包括一系列生物现实模型的探索性开发，这些模型在几个层次上（从单个神经元水平到系统水平）模拟该神经控制系统的结构和功能组织，并导致对分布式神经计算原理的理解，这些原理提供了呼吸的鲁棒性和适应性控制。基于Richter的三相呼吸节律的网络起源理论，研究人员将开发一个初级神经网络生成器模型，该模型将不同呼吸组神经元的单个神经元特性的已知数据和它们之间的互连数据结合起来。该模型将模拟基本呼吸节律的起源和不同呼吸神经元的特定活动模式。同时，在网络层面，我们提出了一种计算概念，它（在某种意义上）是传统连接主义方法的替代方案。认为在多稳态呼吸神经元分布网络中存在许多并行的、相互作用的、相互竞争的初等局部发生器。这些基本发生器能够产生自己的呼吸振荡，但通过神经突触连接相互作用，并在来自外周的共同反馈控制下运行。这种反馈使基本发生器同步，并提供共同的呼吸节律。因此，共同的（自适应的和鲁棒的）呼吸节律是由初级并联发电机系统的自组织产生的。这个过程的模拟，结合了真实的神经元和多个网络生成器，将需要超级计算设备。特别注意将集中于分析所考虑的并行分布式计算和控制类型的优势。＊＊＊

WPC 2 B P Z Courier 10cpi #| x x @ 8 ; X @ HP Laserjet (25-in-one, Network) HPLASEII.PRS x @ , t 0 NX @ # x 6 X @ 8 ; X @# 2 n ~ V #| x ( Courier 10cpi 2 x x x , x @ 8 ; X @ 2 Z p F ` HP Laserjet (25-in-one, Network) HPLASEII.PRS x @ , t 0 NX @ # x 6 X @ 8 ; X @# 9315303 Schwaber The project will investigate and model the neural control mechanisms of the united cardio respiratory control system. The research specifically proposed for this Small Grant for Exploratory Research period consists of exploratory development of a series of biologically realistic models that simulate the structural and functional organization of this neural control system at several hierarchical levels (from single neuron level to systems level) and that lead to understanding of the principles of distributed neural computations which provide for the robust and adaptive control of respiration. Based on Richter's theory of a network origination of the three phase respiratory rhythm, the investigators will develop a model of elementary neural network generator which incorporates the known data on single neuron properties of neurons of different respiratory groups and the data on interconnections between them. This model will simulate the genesis of the basic respiratory rhythm and specific patterns of activity of different respiratory neurons. At the same time, at the network level, we propose a concept of computation that is (in some sense) an alternative to the traditional connectionist approach. It is considered that there are many parallel interacting and competing elementary local generators in a multistable distributed network of medullary respiratory neurons. These elementary generators are able to generate their own respiratory oscillations but interact via interneural synaptic connections and operate under common feedback control from the periphery. This feedback synchronizes the elementary generators and provides the common respiratory rhythm. Thus, the common (adaptive and robust) respiratory rhythm results from self organization of the system of elementary parallel generators. Simulation of this process, incorporating realistic neurons and multiple network generators, will require supercomputing facilities. Special attention will be focused on analysis of advantages of the considered type of parallel distributed computations and control. ***