CRB: Restoration & Preservation of Native Fish Populations: Use of Retrospective Data to Couple Life History, Recruit- ment, & Population Dynamics with Environmental Vicis

9322618拉德克保护和恢复淡水资源的一个紧迫问题是缺乏可靠的生物和人口信息。为解决这一问题，建议利用两栖鱼类(虾虎鱼和石斑鱼)，它们是全世界热带和亚热带海洋岛屿上淡水动物的主要组成部分。为一个物种收集的信息将对其他地方的两栖鱼类和淡水栖息地产生影响。拟议的研究涉及岛屿殖民、生命周期、繁殖周期、两栖动物和招募等专题。%提出了一项研究计划，该计划应用新的分析技术来评估鱼类生活史中可能受到生境变化、减少或碎片化影响的关键时期。在许多鱼类和无脊椎动物中，从浮游幼体阶段到更久坐的成体阶段的补充是一种常见的生活史模式。由于浮游和底栖系统中环境条件的不同性质，这两种生存模式的相互作用强烈地影响着具有这种生活史模式的物种的种群结构，以及这种物种常见的群落。确定哪些生活史阶段和环境事件对成年人口招募是重要的，这是至关重要的。耳石技术有可能提供这样的生活史信息。将对耳石的微观结构和化学成分进行研究，以确定耳石形成的致病因素。然后，就有可能解释野外捕获的虎鱼过去的环境历史。耳石增量分析和元素组成技术将被应用于从自然栖息地收集的新兵、幼鱼和成鱼的调查。年龄、生长速度和环境扰动将通过耳石分析确定。耳石分析将提供每项研究按时间顺序固定的历史。耳石技术特别适用于无法使用大量个体的情况。此外，还可以使用任何储存在酒精中的标本，从而将这项技术扩展到博物馆材料。这些数据序列将对濒危物种的管理非常重要，因为现有收藏中的标本可以被检查以评估过去的生活史。因此，拟议的研究将有助于制定有效的战略，保护和恢复种群，从而保护和恢复生物多样性。

9322618 Radtke A pressing problem for conservation and restoration of freshwater resources is the lack of sound biological and population information. To approach this problem it is proposed to utilize amphidromous fishes (gobies and eleotrids) which are predominant elements of the freshwater fauna on tropical and subtropical oceanic islands worldwide. Information gathered for one species will have implications for amphidromous fishes and freshwater habitats elsewhere. The proposed research relates to such topics as island colonization, life cycles, reproduction cycles, amphidromy, and recruitment. %%% A plan of research is proposed which applies novel analytical techniques to evaluate the critical periods in the life history of fishes that may be affected by altercation, reduction or fragmentation of habitats. Recruitment from a planktonic larval stage to a more sedentary adult stage is a common life-history pattern in many fishes and invertebrates. Because of the disparate nature of environmental conditions in planktonic and benthic systems, the interplay of these two modes of existence strongly influences population structure of species with this life-history pattern; as well as communities in which such species are common. It is essential to identify which life-history stages and environmental events are significant to recruitment into adult population. %%% Otolith techniques have the potential to provide such life-history information. Both micro structure and chemical composition of otoliths will be investigated, to determine the causative agents involved in otolith formation. It will then be possible to interpret past environmental histories of field-captured gobies. Otolith increment analyses and elemental composition techniques will be applied to investigations of recruits, juveniles and adult fishes collected from their natural habitats. Age, growth rate and environmental perturbations will be determined from otolith analyses. Otolith analyses will provide a chronologic ally fixed history of each individual study. Otolith techniques are particularly appropriate where large numbers of individuals can't be used. Also it will be possible to use any specimens stored in alcohol, thus extending the technique to museum material. These data sequences will be of great importance to the management of endangered species since specimens that are in existing collections could be examined to evaluate past life histories. As a result, the proposed research will contribute to the development of effective strategies for the preservation and restoration of populations and thus biodiversity.