GRGC: Coll Resc: Climatic & Environmental Response of the Western Equatorial Pacific to Long & Short-Term Global Warming in the Lake Paleocene and Early Eocene

[406099 . Zachos]本项目旨在测试几个关于古新世晚期和始新世早期全球变暖逐渐和突然的气候动力学和海洋生物响应的假设。，横跨古新世/始新世（P/E）界线)。我们从位于赤道西太平洋艾利森盖尤特（Allison Guyot）顶部的865号地点的两个洞中收集了间隔很近的沉积物样本。我们的主要目标是建立晚古新世至中始新世热带海洋表面温度和温跃层结构的变化，垂直碳同位素分布，净生产力，底部水氧化还原条件（由底栖有孔虫记录），以及这些变化对微生物进化的影响。为此，我们将以高分辨率重建：1)几种浮游生物（表层和深层）和底栖有孔虫的碳氧同位素记录；2)浮游生物和底栖有孔虫的定量组合记录；3)定量纳米化石组合记录；4)综合化学生物地层记录。我们的总体意图是更好地了解全球迅速变暖期间热带海洋的环境动态。我们的综合多参数数据集将与来自中高纬度地区的现有数据集集成，缓解热带太平洋数据的缺乏，并有助于确定全球气候重建和建模的边界条件。我们将研究近9000万年来全球碳循环最大扰动的生物和化学后果，以及它对热带气候的影响。通过确定古新世/始新世边界热带海洋对全球快速变暖的物理、化学和生物响应，我们可以检验与热带海温稳定性有关的假设，并解决早期始新世气候模拟中的悖论：温暖的高纬度（需要从低纬度到高纬度的高热量输送），低温梯度和低总风速（因此没有高热量输送的机制）。

9406099 Zachos This project is designed to test several hypotheses regarding climate dynamics of, and marine biotic response to, gradual and abrupt global warming in the late Paleocene and early Eocene (ie., across the Paleocene/Eocene (P/E) boundary). We have collected closely spaced sediment samples from across this boundary at two holes of site 865, atop Allison Guyot in the western equatorial Pacific Ocean. Our primary objectives are to establish late Paleocene through middle Eocene changes in tropical sea surface temperature and thermocline structure, vertical carbon isotope distributions, net productivity, bottom water redox conditions (as recorded by benthic foraminifera), and the effect of these changes on micro-organism evolution. To this end, we will reconstruct at high resolution: 1) carbon and oxygen isotope records from several species of planktonic (surface and deep dwelling) and benthic foraminifera, 2) quantitative planktonic and benthic foraminiferal assemblage records, 3) quantitative nannofossil assemblage records, and 4) an integrated chemobiostratigraphic record. Our overall intent is to develop a better understanding of the environmental dynamics of the tropical oceans during periods of rapid global warming. Our comprehensive, multi-parameter data set will be integrated in existing data sets from mid and high latitudes, alleviate the lack of data from the tropical Pacific, and help define the boundary conditions for global climate reconstructions and modeling. We will investigate the biological and chemical consequences of the largest disturbance of the global carbon cycle in the last 90 million years, and its affect on tropical climate. By defining the physical, chemical, and biological responses of the tropical ocean to the rapid global warming at the Paleocene/Eocene boundary, we can test hypotheses relating to the stability of tropical SST, and address the paradox in modeling early Eocene climate: warm high latitudes (requiring high heat transport from the low to the high latitudes), at low temperature gradients and low overall wind speeds (thus no mechanism for the high heat transport).