Acquisition of a Dilution Refrigerator

将获得包装好的商用稀释冰箱，其用途将分为四个需要在毫开尔文温度下进行实验的研究项目。一个项目研究正常超导金属介观结构中的量子相相干输运。新的量子输运现象在低温范围内显现出来。第二个项目研究半导体器件表现出量子输运效应，如共振隧道、宏观距离上的弹道输运和库仑封锁。低温输运测量将在可调尺寸和横向范围的半导体纳米结构上进行。第三个项目将使用稀释冰箱来测试用于研究宇宙背景辐射的超灵敏毫米波探测器。为了达到所需的灵敏度，这些探测器必须在毫开尔文的温度下工作。第四个项目研究声子在层状化合物中的传播，以及在极低温度下无序对结晶固体中声子散射的影响。购买一台仪器进行影响广泛领域的实验是非常经济有效的。量子输运现象在微电子器件尺寸不断减小的小结构中起着重要的作用。＊＊＊

9503701 Xiao A packaged commercial dilution refrigerator will be acquired and its usage will be divided among four research projects requiring experiments at millikelvin temperatures. One project studies quantum phase- coherent transport in normal-superconducting metal mesoscopic structures. The new quantum transport phenomenom reveals itself in the low temperature range. A second project investigates semiconductor devices exhibiting quantum transport effects such as resonant tunneling, ballistic transport over macroscopic distances, and Coulomb blockade. Low temperature transport measurements will be performed on semiconductor nanostructures of adjustable dimensionality and lateral extent. A third project will use the dilution refrigerator to test ultra-sensitive millimeter-wave detectors developed to study the background radiation of the universe. To achieve the required sensitivity, these detectors have to be operated at millikelvin temperatures. The fourth project studies phonon propagation in layered compounds and the effects of disorder on the scattering of phonons in crystalline solids at very low temperatures. %%% The acquisition of a single instrument for experiments impacting a wide range of fields is very cost effective. Quantum transport phenomena play an important role in small structures that are the result of the ever- decreasing dimensions of microelectronic devices. ***