Laboratory Simulation and Modelling of Debris Flow and Hyperconcentrated Flow

9527263玫瑰泥石流发生时是危险的。在过去，这类事件曾造成财产破坏和数万人死亡。这项研究将通过实验、理论和建模工作以及对实验沉积物的研究，寻求提高对泥石流和高浓度流的理解。该提案是一个更大的研究计划的一部分，该计划由三个主要部分组成：1)在麦吉尔大学的1至8米长、5至30厘米宽的水槽中进行小规模实验室实验；2)在美国地质调查局位于俄勒冈州的一个2米宽、95米长的水槽中进行大规模实验；3)非粘性泥石流沉积的野外研究。本提案为该计划的第一部分和第二部分寻求资金。第一部分，小型实验室实验，部分由加拿大国家科学与工程研究理事会向首席研究员提供的加拿大国际奖学金支持。在小水槽中进行实验的优点是，在短时间内建立和完成一个大的实验矩阵是可行的，并且很容易获得稳定均匀的流动，但它们与它们旨在刺激的自然过程相比，规模大大缩小。在小的水槽中，数据更容易收集，但从中得出的一些结论可能是可疑的，因为很难对大的水流进行标度，特别是那些含有大量砾石大小的碎片的水流。因此，在大型仪器中进行实验以确定结垢的影响并更准确地重现自然流动条件和沉积是至关重要的。

9527263 Rose Debris flows are hazardous when they occur. In the past such events have destroyed and damaged property and killed tens of thousands of people. This study will seek to improve the understanding of debris flows and hyperconcentrated flows through experiments, theoretical and modeling efforts, and study of deposits from experiments. This proposal is a part of a larger study plan consisting of three major parts: 1) small scale laboratory experiments in flumes 1 to 8 m long and 5 to 30 cm wide at McGill University; 2) large scale experiments in a flume 2 m wide and 95 m long at the U.S. Geological Survey flume in Oregon; 3) a field study of noncohesive debris-flow deposits. This proposal seeks funding for parts 1 and 2 of the plan. Part 1, small scale laboratory experiments, is supported, in part, by a Canada International Fellowship to the principal investigator from the National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada. Experiments in small flumes have the advantage that setting up and finishing a large matrix of experiments in a short time is feasible and that steady uniform flow is easily attained, but they are drastically scaled down from the natural processes that they are meant to stimulate. In small flumes, data can more easily be collected, but some of the conclusions drawn from it may be suspect because of the difficulty in scaling large flows, especially those that contain large proportions of gravel sized debris. It is therefore critical to perform experiments in a large apparatus to determine the effects of scaling and to reproduce natural flow conditions and deposits more accurately.