The Applied Apprenticeship Approach (AAA): An Object-Oriented/Object-Based Framework for CS2

标准计算机科学课程（CS 2）中的第二门课程通常基于数据结构的理论研究，而没有集成的实践组件。由于本课程迁移到一个面向对象的方法，学生和教师必须给予材料，以支持一个统一的和面向应用的课程。我们建议开发学习模块，支持面向应用，学徒学习方法的CS 2课程。每个模块都支持一种与传统的“学习数据结构并在程序中使用它”方法相反的方法。我们建议使用应用程序来研究数据结构，而不是研究在应用程序中使用的数据结构。每个模块都支持学徒式的学习，学生在从头开始编写之前阅读和修改数据结构和应用程序的实现。模块提供代码库和框架，学生和教师的解释材料，以及潜在的编程，实验室和家庭作业练习。每个模块都提供了一个情境学习体验，从一开始就通过提供如何以及为什么使用数据结构的实用和启发性示例来吸引学生。应用程序本质上是跨学科的，在适当的情况下是图形化的，并将几种数据结构集成到现实世界的程序中。将开发模块以支持面向对象（使用C++）的设计和程序，但每个模块将作为抽象数据类型（使用C）开发，以尽可能广泛地覆盖受众。三个机构正在合作实施这一建议：一所以研究和教学为导向的私立大学，一所以教学为导向的公立大学，以及一所以教学为导向的历史上的黑人大学，以确保材料能够为广大受众所用。所开发的单元将以电子方式提供，作为超文本文件和出版材料，以补充传统文本。

The second course in the standard Computer Science curriculum (CS 2) is often based on a theoretical study of data structures without an integrating practical component. As this course migrates to an object-oriented approach, students and instructors must be given materials to support a unified and application-oriented course. We propose to develop learning modules that support an application oriented, apprenticeship learning approach to the CS 2 course. Each module supports a methodology that is inverted from the traditional "learn a data structure and use it in a program" approach. Rather than studying data structures to use in applications, we propose to use applications to study data structures. Each module supports an apprentice style of learning wherein students read and modify implementations of data structures and application programs before writing them from scratch. Modules supply code libraries and frameworks, explanatory material for students and instructors, and potential programming, lab, and homework exercises. Each module supplies a situated learning experience that engages students from the outset by providing practical and illuminating examples for how and why data structures are used. Applications are interdisciplinary in nature, graphical where appropriate, and integrate several data structures into real-world programs. Modules will be developed to support object-oriented (using C++) design and programs, but each module will be developed as an Abstract Data Type (using C) to reach as wide an audience as possible. Three institutions are collaborating in this proposal: a research and teaching oriented private university, a teaching oriented public university, and a teaching oriented historically black university, ensuring that material will be accessible to a wide audience. The modules developed will be made available electronically, as hyper-text documents, and as published material to supplement traditional texts.