PDS: Hybrid Technology Multi-Threaded Architecture

这个短期研究项目将通过具有广泛适用性和易用性的创新系统，解决在十年内实现接近PetaOps规模性能的挑战。本研究的目标是确定集成半导体、超导体和光学技术的并行架构的可行性和详细结构。这种混合体系结构方法的动机是这样一种认识，即在相同的时间框架内，混合技术可能比仅基于半导体技术的技术产生更优越的操作属性。为了设计一个完整的系统结构，并使用一小部分科学应用程序内核评估其性能特征，已经组建了一个跨学科的合作者团队来进行所需的点设计研究。提出的混合技术方法利用了关键新兴设备带来的关键机会。特别是，通过超导快速单通量量子逻辑的最新进展，计算性能可以显着提高，这将使100 Ghz时钟速率在未来两年内成为可能。存储器容量可能会通过新的存储器层次结构大幅增加，合并先进的半导体高密度存储器和未来（不可否认更具推测性）能够存储0.1 pb或更多的光学3d全息存储器。通过100gbps通道的光网络，互连带宽将大大增强。

This short-term research project will address the challenge of achieving near PetaOps scale performance within a decade through innovative systems that exhibit wide applicability and ease of use. The objective of the proposed research is to determine the feasibility and detailed structure of a parallel architecture integrating the combined capabilities of semiconductor, superconductor, and optical technologies. This hybrid architecture approach is motivated by the realization that a mix of technologies may yield superior operational attributes to those possible based solely on semiconductor technology in the same time frame. An interdisciplinary team of collaborators has been assembled to conduct the required point-design study in order to devise a complete system structure and evaluate its performance characteristics using a small set of scientific application kernels. The proposed hybrid technology approach exploits critical opportunities enabled by key emerging devices. Specifically computational performance can be dramatically improved through recent advances in Superconducting Rapid Single Flux Quantum logic which will make 100 Ghz clock rates feasible in the next two years. Memory capacity may be drastically increased through a new memory hierarchy, merging advanced semiconductor high density memory and future (admittedly more speculative) optical 3-D holographic storage capable of storing 0.1 Petabits or more. Interconnection bandwidth will be greatly enhanced by means of optical networks with 100 Gbps channels.