Dissertation Research: The Origins and Affinities of Aboriginal/Australian and Papua New Guinean Populations as Revealed by Mitochondrial, HLA, and Y Chromosome Genetic

本研究将通过使用三种不同的遗传系统：线粒体DNA、人类白细胞抗原基因和Y染色体上的短串联重复标记来研究澳大利亚和新几内亚土著人口的起源和群体亲缘性。该项目的具体目标包括：1)澄清澳大利亚和新几内亚人口之间的生物学和历史关系；2)测试向Sahul（包括澳大利亚、新几内亚和塔斯马尼亚在内的更新世大陆）迁移的单次或多次事件；3)确定向Sahul迁移的可能来源和路线；4)在重建人口历史中测试三种遗传系统的一致性。遗传分析将涉及系统特定的考虑，如遗传模式的差异、有效种群大小和突变率。对这三个遗传系统的数据进行系统发育、人口细分和人口扩展分析，将为萨胡尔人的遗传历史提供丰富的见解。

This study will examine the origins and population affinities of the aboriginal populations of Australia and New Guinea by use of three different genetic systems: mitochondrial DNA, human leucocyte antigen genes, and short tandem repeat markers on the Y chromosome. Specific aims of the project include 1) clarification of biological and historical relationships between Australian and New Guinean populations, 2) testing for single or multiple episodes of migration to Sahul (the Pleistocene continent that included Australia, New guinea, and Tasmania), 3) identifying possible sources and routes for the migration into Sahul, and 4) testing the concordance of the three genetic systems in reconstructing population histories. Genetic analyses will involve system specific considerations such as differences in inheritance pattern, effective population size, and mutation rates. Phylogenetic, population subdivision, and demographic expansion analyses of the data from these three genetic systems will provide rich insights into the genetic history of the occupation of Sahul.