Ground Based Infrared Measurements in the Arctic

建议从北极的两个地点对大气进行红外观测：阿拉斯加的费尔班克斯和加拿大西北地区的尤里卡。在费尔班克斯的仪器将是一个非常高光谱分辨率的太阳吸收光谱仪。该仪器覆盖2.5至15米的范围。在仪器带通中至少有30种化合物有吸收。这样就可以推导出这些气体的大气总量。非常高的光谱分辨率允许恢复至少六种气体的高度剖面信息，包括臭氧、HCI、HF和N2O。这些信息将用于研究平流层化学和动力学，并将与麦克默多站、南极站和北半球其他地点的数据进行比较。费尔班克斯通常位于平流层极地涡旋之外，但位于涡旋空气泄漏最大的区域。这使得研究材料在不同温度、阳光和化学条件下的细丝成为可能。尤里卡，NWT，加拿大(80（N, 86(W)）仪器是一个中等光谱分辨率系统，设计用于测量大气的红外热发射。该仪器覆盖6至15平方米。大气非常寒冷，信号很小，但可以在没有阳光的情况下进行测量。尤里卡通常位于极地涡旋的边缘，可以在几天内观察到涡旋的情况。几种气体的数量可以从观测中确定，特别是HNO3，它直接参与极地平流层云（PSC）的形成和臭氧破坏条件下发生的化学过程。光谱数据也与温室效应直接相关，并将用于研究化学、云和雪对辐射平衡的影响。这两种仪器都将用于研究北极冬季发生的化学过程。多年数据集在研究季节周期和研究全球变化方面将是重要的。

Infrared observations of the atmosphere from to sites in the Arctic are proposed: Fairbanks, Alaska and Eureka, NWT, Canada. The instrument at Fairbanks will be a very high spectral resolution solar absorption spectrometer. This instrument covers the range 2.5 to 15 (m. At least 30 chemical compounds have absorptions in the instrument bandpass. This permits the derivation of total atmospheric quantities of those gases. The very high spectral resolution permits recovery of altitude profile information for at least half a dozen gases, including ozone, HCI, HF, and N2O. This information will be used to study stratospheric chemistry and dynamics, and will be compared with data from McMurdo Station, Antarctic and other northern hemisphere sites. Fairbanks is usually outside of the stratospheric polar vortex, but is in the area where maximum leakage of vortex air occurs. This allows the study of filaments of materials with different temperature, sunlight, and chemical conditioning. The Eureka, NWT, Canada (80(N, 86(W) instrument is a medium spectral resolution system designed to measure the infrared thermal emission of the atmosphere. This instrument covers 6 to 15(m. The atmosphere is very cold, and the signal is small, but measurements can be made in the absence of sunlight. Eureka is usually on the edge of the polar vortex, allowing observations in and out of vortex conditions within a few days. The amounts of several gases can be determined from the observations, particularly HNO3, which is directly involved in the formation of polar stratospheric clouds (PSC) and the chemical processing that occurs in ozone destroying conditions. The spectral data also relate directly to the greenhouse effect, and will be used to study the effect of chemistry, clouds, and snow on the radiation balance. Both instruments will be used for the study of chemical processes that occur in the Arctic during the winter. The multiyear data set will be important in the study of seasonal cycles, and in the study of global change.