Trust-Enabling Middleware (TEM)

该项目的总体目标是通过信任增强有机计算中间件的自我x属性(自我配置、自我优化和自我修复)，并保护信任度量本身免受威胁(自我保护)。目前的有机计算中间件的基本self-x算法都是基于自治组件的协作，假设这些组件可以相互“信任”。然而，OC系统的动态特性可能会导致新添加的、发生故障的或很快发生故障的组件导致系统配置的不可预测的变化。本研究项目的目标是开发信任度量，以改进DFG优先计划1183有机计算中开发的有机计算中间件OC-X算法。重要的服务应该优先在可靠的节点上执行，从而产生能够处理不可靠组件的更健壮的系统。信任度量(直接信任、声誉以及两者的组合)是在前两个项目阶段开发的。这些指标将应用于自我配置和自我优化，直到第二阶段结束。第三阶段将评估增加的健壮性，并将开发的技术构建到信任使能中间件(TEM)中，该中间件是研究组所有其他研究人员使用的中间件。第三阶段目标是改进的信任自我修复和自我保护算法。自我修复将被分为两个步骤：主动和被动。在主动步骤中，应预测即将到来的节点故障，并在故障发生之前基于开发的自配置算法触发重新配置。在第二步中，当报告节点故障时，相关服务将在其他节点上自动重启。在重启的情况下，信任度量将用于重要服务的稳健执行。由于Self-x属性现在基于信任，因此指标本身将受到保护以免受攻击(自我保护)。作为附加目标，指标也应该能够处理分层系统，这需要适应当前使用的指标。此外，还将调查相互矛盾的度量值问题。局部性效应(例如，两个节点之间的墙)可能导致两个节点对同一第三节点的不同信任值，并产生自-X机制的冲突反应。信任增强的self-x属性将再次在支持信任的中间件(TEM)中实现，并在项目结束时作为开放源码软件提供。

The overall objectives of the project are to enhance the self-x properties of an organic computing middleware (self-configuration, self-optimization, and self-healing) with trust and to protect the trust metrics itself against threats (self-protection). The basic self-x algorithms of a current organic computing middleware are based on the cooperation of autonomic components assuming that the components can "trust" each other. The dynamic nature of an OC system, however, may lead to unpredictable changes of the system configuration by newly added, failed or soon failing components. It is the target of this research project to develop trust metrics to improve the self-x algorithms of the Organic Computing Middleware OCµ that was developed in the DFG priority program 1183 "Organic Computing". Important services should be executed preferably on reliable nodes resulting in a more robust system that is able to handle unreliable components. Trust metrics (direct trust, reputation, and the combination of both) were developed in the first two project phases. The metrics will be applied to self-configuration and self-optimization until the end of the second phase. The increase of robustness will be evaluated and the developed techniques built into the Trust-Enabling Middleware (TEM), which is the middleware used by all other researchers of the research group.The third phase targets trust-improved self-healing as well as self-protection algorithms. Selfhealing will be regarded in two steps: proactive and reactive. In the proactive step an upcoming node failure should be predicted and trigger a reconfiguration based on the developed selfconfiguration algorithms before the failure takes place. In the second step, when a node failure is reported, the concerned services will be automatically restarted on other nodes. In case of restart, the trust metrics will be used for a robust execution of the important services. Because self-x properties are now based on trust, the metrics themselves will be protected against attacks (selfprotection).As additional objective, metrics should be enabled to handle hierarchical systems as well which requires an adaption of the currently used metrics. Moreover the problem of contradictory metrics values will be investigated. Locality effects (e.g. a wall between two nodes) could result in different trust values of two nodes about the same third node and yield conflicting reactions of the self-x mechanisms. The trust enhanced self-x properties will again be implemented in the Trust-Enabling Middleware (TEM) and made available as open source software at the end of the project.