Mobility, Inequality, and Growth in a Changing Technological Environment

本项目将分析技术进步、收入不平等、不平等的代际传递和经济增长之间的关系。本研究将断言，技术进步与决定个人收入的几个因素（具体和一般人力资本以及个人能力）之间的相互作用决定了工资不平等、代际收入流动性、技术进步速度和经济增长的演化模式。研究将证明，在重大技术发明时期，个人能力是主要因素，收入不平等加剧。获得性初始条件相对重要性的下降（即不平等持续存在背后的驱动力）增强了流动性，并使具有高水平能力和人力资本的个人更多地集中在技术先进的部门，从而刺激进一步的技术进步和未来的经济增长。一旦现有技术变得更容易获得，特定的人力资本就会成为主导因素，流动性就会减弱，不平等也会下降，但会变得更加持久。人力资本向技术先进部门集中的减少减少了取得重大技术突破的可能性，减缓了未来的经济增长。因此，用户友好对未来的经济增长变得不友好。该研究将探索技术进步与收入不平等之间未经检验的关系。它将表明，技术的生命周期支配着收入不平等的演变。最初，发明增加了技能回报，但随着技术变得更容易获得，技能回报下降。此外，本文的研究将有助于收入分配与增长、技术进步与经济增长等方面的文献研究。它将探索不平等与经济增长之间关系中的一种新的技术联系，通过其对流动性、跨职业人才分配和技术突破频率的影响，证明不平等在决定产出增长中的作用。此外，研究将审查技术进步在将高能力个人分配到技术先进部门方面的作用，这些部门开发了促进增长的技术。

This project will analyze the relationship between technological progress, earnings inequality, the transmission of inequality across generations, and economic growth. The research will assert that the interplay between technological progress and several components that determine individual earnings - specific and general human capital and individual ability - governs the evolutionary pattern of wage inequality, intergenerational earnings mobility, the pace of technological progress, and economic growth The research will demonstrate that in periods of major technological inventions individual ability is the dominating factor and earnings inequality rises. The decline in the relative importance of acquired initial conditions (i.e., the driving force behind the persistence of inequality) enhances mobility and generates a larger concentration of individuals with high levels of ability and human capital in technologically advanced sectors, stimulating further technological progress and future economic growth. Once existing technologies become more accessible, the specific human capital is the dominating factor, mobility is diminished and inequality declines but becomes more persistent. The reduction in the concentration of human capital in technologically advanced sectors diminishes the likelihood of major technological breakthroughs and slows down future economic growth. User friendliness, therefore, becomes unfriendly to future economic growth. The research will explore an unexamined relationship between technological progress and earnings inequality. It will suggest that the life cycle of technology governs the evolution of earnings inequality. Initially, inventions increase the return to skills, but as technology becomes more accessible the return to skills declines. In addition, the research will contribute to the literature on income distribution and growth, and technological progress and economic growth. It will explore a novel technological link in the relationship between inequality and economic growth, demonstrating the role of inequality in the determination of output growth via its effect on mobility, the allocation of talents across occupations, and the frequency of technological breakthroughs. Furthermore, the research will examine the role of technological progress in allocating high-ability individuals into technologically advanced sectors in which growth-enhancing technologies are developed.