Oceanic and Atmospheric Processes in the Formation and Maintenance of the Cosmonaut Sea Deep-Water Polynya and their Relationship to Antarctic Climate

*9725320林奇这个项目将应用一个高分辨率的综合数值模式，代表大气、海洋和海冰过程，以维护南极沿海冰川。多尼雅是指冬季海冰覆盖范围内开阔水域或冰层集中减少的大片区域。该项目的研究地点位于南极洲东部外的宇航员海，面向印度洋。据推测，这种冰川的形成主要是由于海洋热量的上涌，而不是平流造成的冰层流失，是大气预适应、深海对流和局部地形相互作用共同作用的结果。经常发生的冰川对南极气候系统具有重要意义，因为它影响了大气和海洋之间的表面热量、水分和动量的交换，并影响了海洋和海冰的化学和生物组成。该项目结合了高分辨率的建模和遥感图像分析、空间站观测和实验数据，以确定形成这种冰点的机制。由于全球气候系统模型既没有分辨率也没有复杂的参数来准确地模拟该过程中涉及的许多重要过程和反馈，因此该过程的规模需要使用高分辨率的有限区域模式。这项研究可以作为其他南极深水波利尼亚的概念性模型，例如威德尔海波利尼亚。***

*** 9725320 Lynch This project will apply a high resolution integrated numerical model that represents atmospheric, oceanic and sea ice processes to the maintenance of an antarctic coastal polynya. Polynyas are large recurrent areas of open water or reduced ice concentration within the winter sea ice cover. This project's study site is in the Cosmonaut Sea off East Antarctica, facing the Indian Ocean. It is conjectured that this polynya is maintained primarily by the upwelling of heat from the oceans rather than removal of ice by advection, and is formed as the result of a confluence of atmospheric preconditioning, deep ocean convection, modulated by local topographic interactions. Regularly occurring polynyas have importance in the antarctic climate system by influencing the surface exchange of heat, moisture, and momentum between the atmosphere and ocean, as well as affecting the chemical and biological composition of the ocean and sea ice. This project uses a combination of high resolution modeling and analysis of remotely sensed imagery, station observations, and experimental data to determine the mechanisms responsible for the formation of this polynya. The scale of the polynya requires the use of a high resolution limited area model, since global climate system models have neither the resolution nor the sophisticated parameterizations necessary to accurately model many of the important processes and feedbacks involved in polynya processes. This study can serve as a conceptual model for other antarctic deep water polynyas, such as the Weddell Sea polynya. ***