U.S.-France Cooperative Research: XAFS Spectroscopic Study of the Chemical Speciation of Lead, Arsenic, and Zinc in Contaminated Soils and Mine Tailings

这个为期三年的奖项为美法合作研究提供支持， 收集的受冶炼影响的土壤和采矿废物中铅、砷和锌的形态 来自法国（Ardeche和Allier）和美国的地点 （Leadville，科罗拉多和加州的母亲矿脉）。 协作 研究人员Gordon E.布朗在斯坦福大学和乔治卡拉斯在 巴黎第六和第七大学）。 污染元素的形态是一个主要的 这是其在环境中的流动性、毒性、生物利用度和归宿的决定因素。 为了 为了确定影响物种形成和转化的因素， 将对影响这些污染元素的化学过程进行平行研究。 这些研究将使用斯坦福大学和巴黎大学的同步加速器设施。 这位美国研究人员为这次合作带来了环境地球化学方面的专业知识 以及X射线吸收光谱法和X射线光电子光谱法。 这是 法国在同步加速器X射线荧光绘图方面的技术专长， 和衍射分析。 该项目将改善风险评估的科学基础 以及对这些有毒重元素的修复设计。

This three-year award provides support for US-France cooperative research on the speciation of lead, arsenic and zinc in smelter-impacted soils and mining wastes collected from locations in France (Ardeche and Allier) and locations in the United States (Leadville, Colorado and the Mother Lode Country of California). The collaboration involves researchers Gordon E. Brown at Stanford University and George Calas at the University of Paris VI and VII). Speciation of contaminant elements is a major determinant of their mobility, toxicity, bioavailability and fate in the environment. In order to determine factors affecting speciation and transformation of species, the investigators will perform parallel studies of chemical processes affecting these contaminant elements. Synchrotron facilities at Stanford and University of Paris will be used in these studies. The US investigator brings to this collaboration expertise in environmental geochemistry and x-ray absorption spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. This is complemented by French technical expertise in synchrotron x-ray fluorescence mapping and diffraction analysis. The project will improve the scientific basis for risk assessment and remediation design for these toxic heavy elements.