Relationship Among Demographic, Social and Genetic Structure

非技术摘要 对灵长类动物在自然环境中的长期研究尤其有价值。 这个项目研究行为之间的相互依赖性， 生态学（特别是生活史和种群规模）和自然群体的遗传结构。 实证研究的重点是几代单独识别的狒狒，Papio cynocephalus，在东非安博塞利地区的整个生命周期都受到监测。 该项目将完善使用来自粪便和血液的DNA确定个体遗传身份的发展。 这将允许在对动物干扰最小的情况下进行遗传采样。 结合遗传身份和已知的母性知识将被用来确定群体内和群体间的遗传相关性结构，并在可变环境中测试社会互动和亲属关系之间的关系理论。社会优势和从属关系，人口统计学和一般女性生殖条件的数据获得观察。 将估计健身组件的差异，并将在受孕，妊娠，产后生存的几个阶段，并使用遗传，行为和生殖数据交配的优势地位的后果进行评估。 种群的遗传和社会分化既源于男性的分散，也源于社会群体分裂成新的独立单位。遗传，社会和生态（包括人口）的原因和扩散和裂变的后果是唯一适合在这项研究中进行分析，并提供相关的见解，以进化和保护的分散的人口。 因此，这项长期研究有望提供适用于各种情况下各种生物的信息。

Nontechnical Abstract Long term studies of primates in their natural environment are especially valuable. This project studies the interdependencies among behavior, ecology (especially life history and population size) , and genetic structure of natural groups. The empirical research focuses on several generations of individually identified baboons, Papio cynocephalus, that are monitored throughout their lifetimes in the Amboseli region of East Africa. This project will perfect the development of determining the genetic identity of individuals using DNA that is derived from feces as well as from blood. This will permit genetic sampling with a minimum of disturbance to the animals. Combining knowledge of genetic identity and known maternity will be used to determine genetic relatedness structure within and between groups and to test theories of the relationship between social interactions and kinship in a variable environment. Data on social dominance and affiliative relationships, demography, and general female reproductive condition are obtained observationally. Differences in fitness components will be estimated and the consequences of dominance status will be evaluated at conception, gestation, several stages of post-natal survival, and mating using the genetic, behavioral, and reproductive data. Genetic and social partitioning of the population arises both from male dispersal and fissioning of social groups into new, independent units. Genetic, social, and ecological (including demographic) causes and consequences of dispersal and fissioning are uniquely amenable to analysis in this study and provide insights relevant both to evolution and to conservation of fragmented populations. Therefore, this long term research promises to provide information that will be applicable to a wide variety of organisms over a range of situations.