Sequencing of Arabidopsis Chromosome 2 (and beyond), and Development of Resources for Arabidopsisgenome Analysis

9813586小型十字花科植物拟南芥已成为研究实验室中使用最广泛的实验模型行星系统。它的体积小，生长周期快，加上小的二倍体基因组，几乎没有重复元件，使其成为研究植物生物学许多方面的理想模式系统。自1990年以来，一直在进行准备工作，以开发研究其基因组所需的资源。1996年，TIGR是为启动拟南芥基因组测序而资助的三个美国小组之一。他们最初的测序工作集中在2号染色体上，已经产生了超过3.3Mb的完整注释序列，包含超过750个基因，另外还有4.5mb的测序克隆正在进行中，并产生了大量用于选择测序克隆的BAC末端序列。TIGR还领导了关于注释对该项目的重要性的讨论，并为更统一的拟南芥基因组序列注释格式制定了指导方针。该项目计划将测序能力提高到每年约12Mb，并利用这一能力完成2号染色体的测序，并与其他测序组协调在基因组的其他区域进行测序。除了继续进行基因组测序外，TIGR还建议从Landsberg erecta中生成5,000个序列片段，用于识别多态性，从而为精细定位突变提供标记。最后，为了解决目前拟南芥社区面临的注释标准的变化以及由于数据库的快速变化而导致的注释过时的问题，TIGR将为整个拟南芥基因组建立一个注释资源。该资源将更新整个基因组的注释，以统一和信息丰富的方式呈现它。数据格式将与拟南芥数据库AtDB合作开发，以便将结果与研究界使用的丰富的非序列数据联系起来。测序能力的提高，再加上这两个资源的建立，将进一步加速我们对拟南芥乃至整个植物生物学的了解。

9813586 The small crucifer, Arabidopsis thaliana, has become the most widely used experimental model planet system used in research laboratories. Its small size and rapid growth cycle combined with a small, diploid genome with few repetitive elements make it an ideal model system for studying many aspects of plant biology. Since 1990, preparative work has been underway to develop the resources needed to study its genome. In 1996, TIGR was one of the three US groups funded to initiate genome sequencing on Arabidopsis. Their initial sequencing efforts have concentrated on chromosome 2 and have generated over 3.3Mb of finished annotated sequence containing over 750 genes, a further 4.5 mb of sequencing clones in progress, and have produced a large number of BAC end sequences used for the selection of sequencing clones. TIGR has also led the discussion on the importance of annotation to this project and developed guidelines for a more uniform annotation format for Arabidopsis genomic sequences. It is planned in this project to increase the sequencing capacity to approximately 12 Mb per year and use this capacity to complete the sequencing of chromosome 2, and to sequence in other regions of the genome in coordination with the other sequencing groups. In addition to the continued genomic sequencing, TIGR proposes to generate 5,000 sequence fragments from Landsberg erecta for use in identifying polymorphisms and therefore markers for fine mapping mutations. Finally, to address the variation in annotation standards currently facing the Arabidopsis community and the problem of outdated annotation due to rapid database changes, TIGR will establish an annotation resource for the entire Arabidopsis genome. This resource will update annotation for the entire genome, presenting it in a uniform and informative manner. The data format will be developed in collaboration with the Arabidopsis database, AtDB, so that the results can be linked to the wealth of non-sequence data used by the research community. The increase in sequencing capacity combined with the establishment of these two resources will further accelerate our understanding of Arabidopsis thaliana and therefore plant biology in general.